ArticleNeuron2021
GABAergic neuronal IL-4R mediates T cell effect on memory.
Article in Neuron, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intestinal infections establish antigen-specific, long-lived memory CD4Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Peripheral and central immune features in insomnia: Integrative bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal core hub genes and candidate compounds.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Bisphenol S drives breast cancer metastasis by inhibiting dopamine receptor D2 to activate the Akt/GSK3β oncogenic axis.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Circulating extracellular vesicle microRNAs mediate immune modulation of social behavior in male mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Neurons differentially upregulate type 2 immune cytokines and interleukin-4 receptor subtypes during neuroinflammation.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Peripheral inflammation mediates cognitive deficits in drug-naive schizophrenia through hippocampal-thalamo-visual circuitry dysfunction.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Beyond AQP-4: convergent glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic dysfunction underlying multifactorial migraine pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut irradiation and microbiota status modulate the meningeal immune landscape.Discovery immunology · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Regulation for Acute Kidney Injury Therapy: Insights Along the Path From Bench to Bedside.Seminars in nephrology · 2026Review
- Meningeal lymphatics as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- The meningeal-cerebellar axis: a new perspective on cerebellar development.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- Cadmium-induced gut dysbiosis precedes the onset of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory deficits in mice.Toxicology · 2025Article
- Modeling neurodegeneration in the retina and strategies for developing pan-neurodegenerative therapies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Article
- T cells fast-track gut signals to the brain.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Brain and Immune System: Intercellular Communication During Homeostasis and Neuroimmunomodulation upon Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Immune control of brain physiology.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Group 2 innate lymphoid cells drive inhibitory synapse formation with lasting effects on learning and memory.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Cross-regulation between the nervous system and type 2 immunity.Science immunology · 2025Review
- Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mechanisms governing how immune cells and their derived molecules impact homeostatic brain function are still poorly understood. Here, we elucidate neuronal mechanisms underlying T cell effects on synaptic function and episodic memory. Depletion of CD4 T cells led to memory deficits and impaired long-term potentiation. Severe combined immune-deficient mice exhibited amnesia, which was reversible by repopulation with T cells from wild-type but not from IL-4-knockout mice. Behaviors impacted by T cells were mediated via IL-4 receptors expressed on neurons. Exploration of snRNA-seq of neurons participating in memory processing provided insights into synaptic organization and plasticity-associated pathways regulated by immune cells. IL-4Rα knockout in inhibitory (but not in excitatory) neurons was sufficient to impair contextual fear memory, and snRNA-seq from these mice pointed to IL-4-driven regulation of synaptic function in promoting memory. These findings provide new insights into complex neuroimmune interactions at the transcriptional and functional levels in neurons under physiological conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.