ArticlePLoS pathogens2021
An HLA-I signature favouring KIR-educated Natural Killer cells mediates immune control of HIV in children and contrasts with the HLA-B-restricted CD8+ T-cell-mediated immune control in adults.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Renaissance of antiviral CD8Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Impact of sex differences in adult and paediatric HIV-1 cure.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Antiretroviral therapy blocks natural selection on protective and disease-susceptible HLA-B alleles in HIV-1 infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Immune correlates of HIV-1 rebound during broadly neutralizing antibody treatment in young children.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Phenotypic and epigenetic profiles of circulating NK cells in spontaneous HIV-1 controllers.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Human models that inform antiretroviral therapy-free remission with perinatally acquired HIV infection.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Immune signatures and biomarkers of viral control in early-treated children with HIV: insights informing intervention.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Viremic non-progression in HIV/SIV infection: A tied game between virus and host.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Sustained aviremia despite anti-retroviral therapy non-adherence in male children after in utero HIV transmission.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Analytical treatment interruption in children living with HIV: position statement from the EPIICAL consortium.The lancet. HIV · 2024Review
- Immune Modulation of HIV-1 Reservoir Size in Early-Treated Neonates.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Exploration of KIR genes and hematological-related diseases in Chinese Han population.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- HIV post-treatment controllers have distinct immunological and virological features.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory Activity of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dasatinib to Elicit NK Cytotoxicity against Cancer, HIV Infection and Aging.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Thirteen-year viral suppression and immunologic recovery of LPV/r-based regimens in pediatric HIV treatment: a multicenter cohort study in resource-constrained settings of China.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Immune correlates of HIV-1 reservoir cell decline in early-treated infants.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Immunogenomics of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor (KIR) and HLA Class I: Coevolution and Consequences for Human Health.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- Role of Early Life Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte and Natural Killer Cell Immunity in Paediatric HIV Cure/Remission in the Anti-Retroviral Therapy Era.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Natural Killer Cells in Antibody Independent and Antibody Dependent HIV Control.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 13 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells contribute to HIV control in adults, but HLA-B-mediated T-cell activity has a more substantial impact on disease outcome. However, the HLA-B molecules influencing immune control in adults have less impact on paediatric infection. To investigate the contribution NK cells make to immune control, we studied >300 children living with HIV followed over two decades in South Africa. In children, HLA-B alleles associated with adult protection or disease-susceptibility did not have significant effects, whereas Bw4 (p = 0.003) and low HLA-A expression (p = 0.002) alleles were strongly associated with immunological and viral control. In a comparator adult cohort, Bw4 and HLA-A expression contributions to HIV disease outcome were dwarfed by those of protective and disease-susceptible HLA-B molecules. We next investigated the immunophenotype and effector functions of NK cells in a subset of these children using flow cytometry. Slow progression and better plasma viraemic control were also associated with high frequencies of less terminally differentiated NKG2A+NKp46+CD56dim NK cells strongly responsive to cytokine stimulation and linked with the immunogenetic signature identified. Future studies are indicated to determine whether this signature associated with immune control in early life directly facilitates functional cure in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.