ArticleJournal of intensive care medicine2022
Reactivation of EBV and CMV in Severe COVID-19-Epiphenomena or Trigger of Hyperinflammation in Need of Treatment? A Large Case Series of Critically ill Patients.
Article in Journal of intensive care medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review with meta-analysis of active herpesvirus infections in patients with COVID-19: Old players on the new field.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Viral reactivations and co-infections in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Epstein Barr Virus Reactivation during COVID-19 Hospitalization Significantly Increased Mortality/Death in SARS-CoV-2(+)/EBV(+) than SARS-CoV-2(+)/EBV(-) Patients: A Comparative Meta-Analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2023Pooled it
- Virus reactivation in acute and long COVID-19.Nature · 2026Article
- Article
- Acute COVID-19 is associated with altered CD8 T-cells indicative of impaired ability to control Epstein-Barr virus reactivation.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- Time-series clustering analysis reveals distinct patterns of cytomegalovirus viremia in critically ill adults.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- Clinical and biological features of CMV reactivation in ARDS: a prospective cohort study.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Air leakage is a strong risk factor for pneumonia-related acute respiratory distress syndrome.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Molecular epidemiology and clinical patterns of Epstein-Barr virus infection in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: a 2020-2023 retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus Seropositivity, Immune Dysregulation, and Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Detection of cytomegalovirus in severely ill patients with intractable COVID-19; a retrospective study.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Review
- mRNA vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IFN-γ and IL-2 T-cell responses are predictive of serological neutralization and are transiently enhanced by pre-existing cross-reactive immunity.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- A Case of Persistent KSHV Viremia in the Context of HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and Other Co-Infections.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Cytomegalovirus reactivation in mechanically ventilated patients with or without SARS-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2025Article
- RhCMV reactivation in SARS-CoV-2 infected aged rhesus macaques.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Impact of Epstein-Barr virus infection on clinical outcomes and immune profiles in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Acute COVID-19 and LongCOVID syndrome - molecular implications for therapeutic strategies - review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Post-COVID syndrome patients show reduced anti-Spike antibodies compared to COVID-recovered controls, but enhanced IgG4/IgG1 switch after the third vaccine dose.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundReactivation of viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are common in critically ill patients and have been described in patients with severe COVID-19. However, it is unclear whether these reactivations are associated with increased mortality and whether targeted treatments are beneficial.
methodsIn a retrospective single-center cohort study, patients with severe COVID-19 treated on our intensive care unit (ICU) were screened for EBV and CMV reactivation as detected by polymerase chain reaction. If present, patient characteristics, temporal connections to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 diagnosis and corticosteroid use, the use of targeted treatments as well as the course of disease and outcome were analyzed. As control group, non-COVID-19 patients with sepsis, treated within the same time period on our ICU, served as control group to compare incidences of viral reactivation.
resultsIn 19 (16%) of 117 patients with severe COVID-19 treated on our ICU EBV reactivations were identified, comparable 18 (14%) of 126 in the non-COVID-19 control group (
conclusionCritically ill patients with COVID-19 are at a high risk for EBV and CMV reactivations. Whether these reactivations are a cause of hyperinflammation and require targeted treatment remains uncertain. However, in patients with clinical deterioration or signs of hyperinflammation targeted treatment might be beneficial and warrants further studying.
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