Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34790802›Full record

ReviewAnnals of translational medicine2021

Narrative review of emerging roles for AKT-mTOR signaling in cancer radioimmunotherapy.

Changxian Shen, Yuqi He, Qiang Chen, Haihua Feng, Terence M Williams, Yuanzhi Lu, Zhengfu He

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Changxian ShenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Yuqi HeMonash School of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Qiang ChenDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Haihua FengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Terence M WilliamsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Yuanzhi LuDepartment of Clinical Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhengfu HeDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
City Of Hope National Medical Center · USFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University · CNMonash University · AUZhejiang University · CN

Funding

Developing BRAF mutant and BRAF wild-type selective strategies for radiosensitization in Anaplastic Thyroid CancerR01CA246553 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIAMS, TERENCE MARQUES · 2020 to 2025
$2.0M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA246553
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo summarize the roles of AKT-mTOR signaling in the regulation of the DNA damage response and PD-L1 expression in cancer cells, and propose a novel strategy of targeting AKT-mTOR signaling in combination with radioimmunotherapy in the era of cancer immunotherapy.

backgroundImmunotherapy has greatly improved the clinical outcomes of many cancer patients and has changed the landscape of cancer patient management. However, only a small subgroup of cancer patients (~20-30%) benefit from immune checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapy. The current challenge is to find biomarkers to predict the response of patients to immunotherapy and strategies to sensitize patients to immunotherapy.

methodsSearch and review the literature which were published in PUBMED from 2000-2021 with the key words mTOR, AKT, drug resistance, DNA damage response, immunotherapy, PD-L1, DNA repair, radioimmunotherapy.

conclusionsMore than 50% of cancer patients receive radiotherapy during their course of treatment. Radiotherapy has been shown to reduce the growth of locally irradiated tumors as well as metastatic non-irradiated tumors (abscopal effects) by affecting systemic immunity. Consistently, immunotherapy has been demonstrated to enhance radiotherapy with more than one hundred clinical trials of radiation in combination with immunotherapy (radioimmunotherapy) across cancer types. Nevertheless, current available data have shown limited efficacy of trials testing radioimmunotherapy. AKT-mTOR signaling is a major tumor growth-promoting pathway and is upregulated in most cancers. AKT-mTOR signaling is activated by growth factors as well as genotoxic stresses including radiotherapy. Importantly, recent advances have shown that AKT-mTOR is one of the main signaling pathways that regulate DNA damage repair as well as PD-L1 levels in cancers. These recent advances clearly suggest a novel cancer therapy strategy by targeting AKT-mTOR signaling in combination with radioimmunotherapy.

Indexed as

AKTDNA damage responseDNA repairdrug resistanceimmunotherapyMechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)radioimmunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID34790802
PMCPMC8576660
OpenAlexW3207747642

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.