Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34790740›Full record

ArticleAnnals of translational medicine2021

Lupeol reduces M1 macrophage polarization to attenuate immunologic dissonance and fatty acid deposition in rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

Jin Li, Yuechen Huang, Yue Han, Jiafu Wang, Chun Zhang, Jiuyang Jiang

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jin Li *Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yuechen Huang *Boli County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qitaihe, China.
Yue HanDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Jiafu WangDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Chun ZhangDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Jiuyang JiangDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Harbin Medical University · CNFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether lupeol could inhibit the inflammatory mediators associated with the regulation of macrophage phenotypes and functions in rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MS).

methodsForty specific-pathogen-free Sprague Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks to establish an MS model. Lupeol was prepared and administered to the rats intraperitoneally at 20, 50, or 100 mg/kg (the lupeol 20 mg/kg, lupeol 50 mg/kg, and lupeol 100 mg/kg groups respectively). After 28 days of continuous intraperitoneal administration, rats were anesthesia and euthanasia. The obesity index, blood glucose and lipid metabolism indexes of rats in each group were measured. The levels of insulin and inflammatory factors in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The pathological changes of liver tissue in rats were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. The polarization levels of M1 and M2 macrophages in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The transcription levels of M1 and M2 macrophages markers were detected by qRT-PCR. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase-1 (Arg-1) proteins in heart tissues of rats in each group were analyzed by Western blotting.

resultsLupeol significantly recovered fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels, and reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), in the liver. It also elevated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4 and IL-10, in the MS model. Further, after treatment with lupeol, the levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were decreased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were increased. Importantly, in the MS model group, lupeol remarkably inhibited M1 macrophages polarization (F4/80

conclusionsLupeol might promote M2 polarization of macrophages to relieve damage caused by MS.

Indexed as

LupeolM1 macrophageM2 macrophagemetabolic syndrome (MS)

Identifiers

PMID34790740
PMCPMC8576680
OpenAlexW3209753775

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.