ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2021
Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations in gut microbiota composition in neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- A comparison between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and healthy controls in biomedical factors, trace elements, and microbiota biomarkers: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Gut microbiota are linked to gastrointestinal symptoms and behavioral changes but not inflammation in autism spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder: integrating brain structure, function, and transcriptomics.Translational psychiatry · 2026Review
- The Microbiota in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Gut Microbiome in Early Ontogeny: Implications for Brain and Immune System Development.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Review
- Mixed Evidence for Impact of Early Infant Gut Microbiome and Later Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the MARBLES Prospective Cohort Study.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of exercise on autism-like behaviors.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Clinical and sociodemographic characterization of a sibling-matched cohort of children with autism Spectrum disorder in Uruguay.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis in autism spectrum disorder: 10 years of progress on compositional alterations, metabolic/immune mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Supplementation with abioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Integrative multi-omics analysis of autism spectrum disorder reveals unique microbial macromolecules interactions.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Associations between the gut microbiota at one-year and neurodevelopment in children from the SEPAGES cohort.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Bioactive phenolic compounds from Australian seaweeds and their impact on gut health.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Intervention and research progress of gut microbiota-immune-nervous system in autism spectrum disorders among students.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Clostridium butyricum regulates intestinal barrier function via trek1 to improve behavioral abnormalities in mice with autism spectrum disorder.Cell & bioscience · 2024Article
- Oral microbiota in autistic children: Diagnosis-related differences and associations with clinical characteristics.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated with Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are complex behavioral changes manifesting early in childhood, which impacts how an individual perceives and socializes with others. The study aims to assess the disparities in gut microbiota (GM) amongst healthy controls and children with ASD. Methods: The study was performed on 25 children with ASD and 20 healthy children. Autistic symptoms were diagnosed and assessed with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders and the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC). Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were assessed with a GI Severity Index (GSI) questionnaire. The fecal bacteria composition was investigated by the high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The alpha diversity was estimated using the Shannon, Chao, and ACE indexes. The unweighted UniFrac analysis and the PCA plots were used to represent the beta diversity. LDA and LEfSe were used to assess the effect sizes of each abundant differential taxon. Results: Children with high GSI scores had much higher ATEC Total scores than those with lower GSI-scores. GI symptoms were strongly associated with symptoms of ASD. There was no difference in Chao, ACE, and Shannon indexes between ASD patients and healthy controls. Both groups showed a significant microbiota structure clustering in the plotted PCAs and significant differences in its composition at the family, order, genus, and phyla levels. There were also noteworthy overall relative differences in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes between both groups. Conclusions: This study shows the relationship between the clinical manifestations of Autistic symptoms and GI symptoms. ASD patients have dysbiosis of gut microbiota, which may be related to the onset of ASD. These findings may be beneficial for developing ASD symptoms by changing gut microbiota.
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Registered trials
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