ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Targeting Macrophage Dysregulation for Viral Infections: Novel Targets for Immunomodulators.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harnessing macrophage signaling pathways and scalable engineering for next-generation immunotherapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Macrophage Immune Responses in Viral Infections: Functional Plasticity and Therapeutic Targeting.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Meningeal and infiltrating T-cells are associated with repetitive head trauma and tau-mediated neurodegeneration in chronic traumatic encephalopathy.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Recent perspectives on macrophage memory: types, mechanisms, and characteristics in pulmonary diseases.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Review
- Dasatinib inhibits betacoronavirus replication in macrophages and attenuates pro-inflammatory mediators via SRC-MAPK pathway modulation.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Monitoring Macrophage Polarization in Infectious Disease, Lesson From SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Review
- Protein swarm-based cause-effect analysis: effects of microRNAs on cooperation networks linking COVID-19 infections, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Perspective: host factors variants and the underlying causes of long COVID.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Oncolytic virus and tumor-associated macrophage interactions in cancer immunotherapy.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Effects of Akt Activator SC79 on Human M0 Macrophage Phagocytosis and Cytokine Production.Cells · 2024Article
- Immune Checkpoints Receptors Expression of Macrophage/Monocytes in Response to Acute Viral Respiratory Infection.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2024Article
- Nobiletin Regulates Polyinosinic-polycytidylic Acid-induced Inflammation in Macrophages PartiallyCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2024Article
- Proliferation of monocytes and macrophages in homeostasis, infection, injury, and disease.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2023Review
- In vivo inhibition of nuclear ACE2 translocation protects against SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage through epigenetic imprinting.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Annexin A1-FPR2/ALX Signaling Axis Regulates Acute Inflammation during Chikungunya Virus Infection.Cells · 2022Article
- Article
- Repurposing BCL-2 and Jak 1/2 inhibitors: Cure and treatment of HIV-1 and other viral infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes Down-Modulate CD4 Expression Reducing HIV Entry in Human Type-1 Macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A major barrier to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) cure is the latent viral reservoir, which persists despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), including across the non-dividing myeloid reservoir which is found systemically in sanctuary sites across tissues and the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike activated CD4+ T cells that undergo rapid cell death during initial infection (due to rapid viral replication kinetics), viral replication kinetics are delayed in non-dividing myeloid cells, resulting in long-lived survival of infected macrophages and macrophage-like cells. Simultaneously, persistent inflammation in macrophages confers immune dysregulation that is a key driver of co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and neurological deficits in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Macrophage activation and dysregulation is also a key driver of disease progression across other viral infections including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and chikungunya viruses, underscoring the interplay between macrophages and disease progression, pathogenesis, and comorbidity in the viral infection setting. This review discusses the role of macrophages in persistence and pathogenesis of HIV-1 and related comorbidities, SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. A special focus is given to novel immunomodulatory targets for key events driving myeloid cell dysregulation and reservoir maintenance across a diverse array of viral infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.