ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Multifaceted Roles of B Cells in the Thymus: From Immune Tolerance to Autoimmunity.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Precision modeling of tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses in humanized mice for preclinical assessment of cancer immunotherapies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Unbiased recording and identification of thymic cellular interactomes using synthetic Notch receptors.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Myasthenia Gravis and Thymectomy at a Tertiary-Care Surgical Centre: A 20-Year Retrospective Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Effects ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Diabetes exacerbates myasthenia gravis by enhancing pathological thymic output via the GPR183-7α,25-OHC axis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Review
- Gestation Regulates Growth Hormone and Its Receptor Expression in Sheep Immune Organs.Biology · 2025Article
- Toward curing neurological autoimmune disorders: Biomarkers, immunological mechanisms, and therapeutic targets.Neuron · 2025Review
- Article
- The Effects of Maternal Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Fetal Thymus Size: A Prospective Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sex-biased human thymic architecture guides T cell development through spatially defined niches.Developmental cell · 2025Article
- Intrathymic Cell Migration: Implications in Thymocyte Development and T Lymphocyte Repertoire Formation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Neural regulation of the thymus: past, current, and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Thymic B cells in aging and autoimmune disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- B cell deficiency in thymoma tissues of Good's syndrome patients.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Rediscovering the human thymus through cutting-edge technologies.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Skewed epithelial cell differentiation and premature aging of the thymus in the absence of vitamin D signaling.Science advances · 2024Article
- Unraveling the spatial organization and development of human thymocytes through integration of spatial transcriptomics and single-cell multi-omics profiling.Nature communications · 2024Article
- A humanized mouse that mounts mature class-switched, hypermutated and neutralizing antibody responses.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Engineering antigen-presenting cells for immunotherapy of autoimmunity.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The thymus is home to a significant number of resident B cells which possess several unique characteristics regarding their origin, phenotype and function. Evidence shows that they originate both from precursors that mature intrathymically and as the entry of recirculating mature B cells. Under steady-state conditions they exhibit hallmark signatures of activated B cells, undergo immunoglobulin class-switch, and express the Aire transcription factor. These features are imprinted within the thymus and enable B cells to act as specialized antigen-presenting cells in the thymic medulla that contribute negative selection of self-reactive T cells. Though, most studies have focused on B cells located in the medulla, a second contingent of B cells is also present in non-epithelial perivascular spaces of the thymus. This latter group of B cells, which includes memory B cells and plasma cells, is not readily detected in the thymus of infants or young mice but gradually accumulates during normal aging. Remarkably, in many autoimmune diseases the thymus suffers severe structural atrophy and infiltration of B cells in the perivascular spaces, which organize into follicles similar to those typically found in secondary lymphoid organs. This review provides an overview of the pathways involved in thymic B cell origin and presents an integrated view of both thymic medullary and perivascular B cells and their respective physiological and pathological roles in central tolerance and autoimmune diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.