Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34790200›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021

How to Prevent and Mitigate Hypersensitivity Reactions to Biologicals Induced by Anti-Drug Antibodies?

Alessandra Vultaggio, Margherita Perlato, Francesca Nencini, Emanuele Vivarelli, Enrico Maggi, Andrea Matucci

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to biologicals in children-A practical approach: An EAACI task force report.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Characteristics of patients who developed transient anti-adalimumab antibodies.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Copy Number Variation in Asthma: An Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Protein re-surfacing ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Alessandra VultaggioImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Margherita PerlatoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Francesca NenciniImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Emanuele VivarelliImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Enrico MaggiTranslational Immunology Unit, Immunology Area, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS), Rome, Italy.
Andrea MatucciImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi · ITBambino Gesù Children's Hospital · ITUniversity of Florence · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biologicals are widely used therapeutic agents for rheumatologic diseases, cancers, and other chronic inflammatory diseases. They are characterized by complex structures and content of variable amounts of foreign regions, which may lead to anti-drug antibodies (ADA) development. ADA onset may limit the clinical usage of biologicals because they may decrease their safety. In fact they are mainly associated with immediate hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs). Development of ADAs is reduced by concomitant immunosuppressive treatment, while it is increased by longer intervals between drug administrations; thus, regular infusion regimens should be preferred to reduce HSRs. Once ADAs have formed, some procedures can be implemented to reduce the risk of HSRs. ADAs may belong to different isotype; the detection of IgE ADA is advisable to be assessed when high and early ADAs are detected, in order to reduce the risk of severe HRs. In patients who need to reintroduce the biological culprit, as alternative therapies are not available, drug desensitization (DD) may be applied. Desensitization should be conceptually dedicated to patients with an IgE-mediated HSR; however, it can be performed also in patients who had developed non-IgE-mediated HSRs. Although the underlying mechanisms behind successful DD has not been fully clarified, the DD procedure is associated with the inhibition of mast cell degranulation and cytokine production. Additionally, some data are emerging about the inhibition of drug-specific immune responses during DD.

Indexed as

Drug HypersensitivityAnimalsAntibodiesBiological ProductsHumansAntibodiesBiological Productsanaphylaxisanti-drug antibodiesdrug desensitizationhypersensitivity reactionsIgEimmunogenicity

Identifiers

PMID34790200
PMCPMC8591239
OpenAlexW3210463590

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.