Observational studyJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2021
Efficacy and safety of vedolizumab and infliximab treatment for immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis in patients with cancer: a two-center observational study.
Observational study in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research landscape, thematic evolution, and translational insights of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: a bibliometric analysis (2006-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic adverse events.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents on tumor outcome in the context of cancer immunotherapy with highlight on melanoma: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Extracorporeal photopheresis for the treatment of steroid-refractory immune related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a multi-center phase Ib/II clinical trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Review
- Inhibitory receptor profiles for joint prediction of benefit and toxicity in immune checkpoint blockade.iScience · 2026Review
- Review
- Corticosteroid exposure, tapering, and survival in immune-related colitis: a 10-year real-world melanoma cohort.Immuno-oncology technology · 2026Article
- Microbiota and immune-related adverse events in cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and immune-related adverse events in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a target trial emulation study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Extracorporeal photopheresis versus systemic immunosuppression for treatment of immune-related adverse events: clinical outcomes from the prospective two-arm PRIA study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Observational
- Validation of the immune-mediated colitis endoscopic score using a retrospective cohort of patients with immune-mediated colitis.iGIE : innovation, investigation and insights · 2026Article
- Upadacitinib Achieved Rapid Response in Biologic-Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Enterocolitis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2026Article
- Diverting Loop Ileostomy as an Alternative to Emergent Colectomy in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Flare following Checkpoint-Inhibitor Therapy.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2026Article
- Immune-Mediated Colitis Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Pathophysiology, Clinical Management, and the Emerging Role of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Steroid-sparing strategies for managing immune-related adverse events.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- The immune-related symptom web in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a longitudinal clinical safety surveillance framework for immune-related adverse events.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Beyond Proton Pump Inhibitors: Evaluating Treatment Strategies for Immune-Mediated Gastroenteritis from Cancer Immunotherapy.Targeted oncology · 2026Article
- Infliximab for Grade III or IV Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Nephritis Clinical and Translational Evidence.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Myokine-mediated mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated colorectal injury and repair in rectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent treatment guidelines for immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis (IMDC) recommend steroids as first-line therapy, followed by selective immunosuppressive therapy (SIT) (infliximab or vedolizumab) for refractory cases. We aimed to compare the efficacy of these two SITs and their impact on cancer outcomes.
methodsWe performed a two-center, retrospective observational cohort study of patients with IMDC who received SITs following steroids from 2016 to 2020. Patients' demographic, clinical, and overall survival data were collected and analyzed.
resultsA total of 184 patients (62 vedolizumab, 94 infliximab, 28 combined sequentially) were included. The efficacy of achieving clinical remission of IMDC was similar (89% vs 88%, p=0.79) between the two groups. Compared with the infliximab group, the vedolizumab group had a shorter steroid exposure (35 vs 50 days, p<0.001), fewer hospitalizations (16% vs 28%, p=0.005), and a shorter hospital stay (median 10.5 vs 13.5 days, p=0.043), but a longer time to clinical response (17.5 vs 13 days, p=0.012). Longer durations of immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment (OR 1.01, p=0.004) and steroid use (OR 1.02, p=0.043), and infliximab use alone (OR 2.51, p=0.039) were associated with higher IMDC recurrence. Furthermore, ≥3 doses of SIT (p=0.011), and fewer steroid tapering attempts (p=0.012) were associated with favorable overall survival.
conclusionsTreatment with vedolizumab as compared with infliximab for IMDC led to comparable IMDC response rates, shorter duration of steroid use, fewer hospitalizations, and lower IMDC recurrence, though with slightly longer time to IMDC response. Higher number of SIT doses was associated with better survival outcome, while more steroid exposure resulted in worse patient outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.