Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34789492›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2021

Identifying barriers to evidence-based care for sickle cell disease: results from the Sickle Cell Disease Implementation Consortium cross-sectional survey of healthcare providers in the USA.

Matthew P Smeltzer, Kristen E Howell, Marsha Treadwell, Liliana Preiss, Allison A King, Jeffrey A Glassberg, Paula Tanabe, Sherif M Badawy, Lisa DiMartino, Robert Gibson and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Chronic pain in the aging adult with sickle cell disease.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Optimizing the right time to start sickle cell therapies.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2025
    Review
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  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.

Matthew P SmeltzerSchool of Public Health, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA msmltzer@memphis.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1366-9267
Kristen E HowellSchool of Public Health, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Marsha TreadwellDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California, USA.
Liliana PreissRTI International, Research Triangle Park, Carolina, USA.
Allison A KingProgram in Occupational Therapy, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Jeffrey A GlassbergMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Paula TanabeDuke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Sherif M BadawyDivision of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Lisa DiMartinoRTI International, Research Triangle Park, Carolina, USA.
Robert GibsonMedical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
Julie KanterDepartment of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Lisa M KlesgesDepartment of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Jane S HankinsDepartment of Hematology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Sickle Cell Disease Implementation Consortium
RTI International · USUniversity of Memphis · USWashington University in St. Louis · USAugusta University · USDuke University · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USNorthwestern University · USSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Science Institute (NUCATS)UL1TR001422 · NCATS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI D'AQUILA, RICHARD · 2015 to 2023
$56.8M
Data Coordinating Center for Sickle Cell Disease Implementation Consortium (SCDIC)U24HL133948 · NHLBI · RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE · PI JACOBS, SARA RUBIN, KRONER, BARBARA L · 2016 to 2021
$7.3M
New York City Sickle Cell Implementation Science ConsortiumU01HL133997 · NHLBI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI RICHARDSON, LYNNE D. · 2016 to 2021
$5.4M
The Implementation of Cognitive Screening and Educational Support to Improve Outcomes of Adolescents and Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease: From Clinic to the Community and BackU01HL133994 · NHLBI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KING, ALLISON A · 2016 to 2021
$5.2M
Improving Sickle cell care in Adolescents & Adults in Chicago (ISAAC)U01HL134042 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI GORDEUK, VICTOR R, HIRSCHTICK, JANA · 2016 to 2021
$5.1M
Implementation of Medical Homes for Evidence Based Care of Adolescents and Adults with Sickle Cell DiseaseU01HL134004 · NHLBI · AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY · PI GIBSON, ROBERT WILLIAM, KUTLAR, ABDULLAH · 2016 to 2021
$5.0M
Improving SCD Care using Web-based Guidelines, Nurse Care Managers and Peer Mentors in Primary Care and Emergency Departments in Central North CarolinaU01HL133964 · NHLBI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI SHAH, NIRMISH R, TANABE, PAULA · 2016 to 2021
$4.8M
RE-aiming at Hydroxyurea Adherence for Sickle cell with mHealth (RE-HASH)U01HL133996 · NHLBI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI HANKINS, JANE SILVA, KLESGES, LISA M · 2016 to 2021
$4.6M
SC-Links - Linking the Sickle Cell Community, Providers and Systems to Improve Sickle Cell Disease CareU01HL134007 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI TREADWELL, MARSHA J, VICHINSKY, ELLIOTT P · 2016 to 2021
$4.1M
Implementation of a Sickle Cell Enhanced Novel Care Network in South Carolina (iSCENSC)U01HL133990 · NHLBI · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI FLOREZ, HERMES JOSE · 2016 to 2021
$4.1M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001422NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL133964NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL133990NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL133994NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL133996NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL133997NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL134004NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL134007NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL134042NHLBI NIH HHS U24 HL133948
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesSickle cell disease (SCD) leads to chronic and acute complications that require specialised care to manage symptoms and optimise clinical results. The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) evidence-based guidelines assist providers in caring for individuals with SCD, but adoption of these guidelines by providers has not been optimal. The objective of this study was to identify barriers to treating individuals with SCD.

methodsThe SCD Implementation Consortium aimed to investigate the perception and level of comfort of providers regarding evidence-based care by surveying providers in the regions of six clinical centres across the USA, focusing on non-emergency care from the providers' perspective.

resultsRespondents included 105 providers delivering clinical care for individuals with SCD. Areas of practice were most frequently paediatrics (24%) or haematology/SCD specialist (24%). The majority (77%) reported that they were comfortable managing acute pain episodes while 63% expressed comfort with managing chronic pain. Haematologists and SCD specialists showed higher comfort levels prescribing opioids (100% vs 67%, p=0.004) and managing care with hydroxyurea (90% vs 51%, p=0.005) compared with non-haematology providers. Approximately 33% of providers were unaware of the 2014 NHLBI guidelines. Nearly 63% of providers felt patients' medical needs were addressed while only 22% felt their mental health needs were met.

conclusionsA substantial number of providers did not know about NHLBI's SCD care guidelines. Barriers to providing care for patients with SCD were influenced by providers' specialty, training and practice setting. Increasing provider knowledge could improve hydroxyurea utilisation, pain management and mental health support.

Indexed as

Anemia, Sickle CellChildCross-Sectional StudiesEvidence-Based MedicineHealth PersonnelHumansHydroxyureaUnited StatesHydroxyureahaematologymental healthpaediatrics

Identifiers

PMID34789492
PMCPMC8601067
OpenAlexW3214476533

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.