Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34789207›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

Cardiovascular diseases mortality and alcohol control policy in Lithuania: exploring a possible link.

Ricardas Radisauskas, Kawon Victoria Kim, Shannon Lange, Vaida Liutkute-Gumarov, Olga Mesceriakova-Veliuliene, Janina Petkeviciene, Mindaugas Stelemekas, Tadas Telksnys, Alexander Tran, Jürgen Rehm

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Global burden and cross-country inequalities of alcoholic cardiomyopathy: A 1990-2021 analysis.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Unrecorded alcohol consumption in Lithuania: a modelling study for 2000-2021.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Ricardas RadisauskasDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania. ricardas.radisauskas@lsmuni.lt.
Kawon Victoria KimInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S1, Canada.
Shannon LangeInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S1, Canada.
Vaida Liutkute-GumarovHealth Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Olga Mesceriakova-VeliulieneDepartment of Health Management, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Janina PetkevicieneHealth Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Mindaugas StelemekasHealth Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Tadas TelksnysHealth Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Alexander TranInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S1, Canada.
Jürgen RehmInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S1, Canada.
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences · LTCentre for Addiction and Mental Health · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

Evaluation of the impact of alcohol control policies on morbidity and mortality in Lithuania and other Baltic statesR01AA028224 · NIAAA · CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH · PI REHM, JUERGEN T, ŠTELEMĖKAS, MINDAUGAS · 2020 to 2024
$2.2M
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA028224
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLithuania possesses one of the highest alcohol per capita consumption and has previously implemented alcohol control policies to reduce the alcohol-attributable burden. The aim of this study was to investigate Lithuanian cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rate trends between 2001 and 2018 and to explore a possible link between CVD mortality rate and alcohol control policy implementation.

methodsLithuanian population mortality and alcohol consumption data for 2001-2018 were obtained from Statistics Lithuania and The State Register of Death Cases and Their Causes, Institute of Hygiene. Sex-specific CVD mortality rates were directly standardized to the European standard population by five-year age groups and categorized according to the ICD-10 codes for all CVDs (I00-I99), ischemic heart disease (IHD) (I20-I25), cerebrovascular diseases (I60-I69) and alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) (I42.6). Joinpoint regression analyses were performed to identify points of inflection to explore their alignment with five selected alcohol policy enactments.

resultsOverall, the 2001-2018 yearly mortality rates for all CVDs significantly decreased on average by - 1.6% (95% CI -2.0, - 1.2%) among men and - 2.1% (95% CI -2.5, - 1.8%) among women. Yearly changes in all CVDs, IHD, cerebrovascular diseases and ACM mortality rates were insignificant prior to their respective critical year points in 2006, 2005, 2008 and 2007, but significantly decreased afterwards by an average of - 2.4% (95% CI -2.7, - 2.0%), - 1.6% (95% CI -2.1, - 1.1%), - 1.2% (95 CI -1.7, - 0.6%) and - 4.5% (95% CI -7.3, - 1.6%) among men, and by - 2.7% (95% CI -3.0, - 2.3%), - 2.0% (95% CI -2.6, - 1.4%), - 1.8% (95% CI 2.4, - 1.3%) and - 6.6% (95% CI -10.7, - 2.2%) among women, respectively. The changes in the mortality rate trends for all CVDs, IHD, cerebrovascular diseases and especially ACM coincided with alcohol policies enacted on the January 1, 2008, January 1, 2009, April 1, 2014 and March 1, 2017.

conclusionsYearly mortality rates for all CVDs, IHD, cerebrovascular diseases and ACM have declined in Lithuania between 2001 and 2018, and declining trends were more prominent in women than in men. Among the ICD-10 CVD categories investigated, the points of inflection identified for the ACM mortality rate trend coincided best with the selected alcohol policy enactment dates.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesCerebrovascular DisordersMyocardial IschemiaFemaleHumansLithuaniaMaleMortalityPublic PolicyAgeAlcohol consumptionAlcohol control policyCardiovascular diseasesMortalitySexTrends

Identifiers

PMID34789207
PMCPMC8600709
OpenAlexW3213990916

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.