ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022
Plasma Rotavirus-specific IgA and Risk of Rotavirus Vaccine Failure in Infants in Malawi.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity of RV1 and RV5 vaccines administered in standard and interchangeable mixed schedules: a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority clinical trial in Mexican infants.Frontiers in public health · 2024Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of a new hexavalent rotavirus vaccine in Chinese infants: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Head-to-head comparison of the immunogenicity of RotaTeq and Rotarix rotavirus vaccines and factors associated with seroresponse in infants in Bangladesh: a randomised, controlled, open-label, parallel, phase 4 trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Immune response to rotavirus vaccines in low- and middle-income countries: Challenges and perspectives.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Maternal-infant rotavirus-specific antibody kinetics to inform timing of vaccine boosting in Malawi: An observational study.PLoS medicine · 2025Observational
- Correlates of immune protection against human rotaviruses: natural infection and vaccination.Archives of virology · 2024Review
- mRNA-Based Vaccines Are Highly Immunogenic and Confer Protection in the Gnotobiotic Pig Model of Human Rotavirus Diarrhea.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Postbiotic Strategy to Alleviate Diarrhea and Enhance Immunity in Rotavirus-Infected Neonatal Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The use of controlled human infection models to identify correlates of protection for invasiveFrontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Anti-rotavirus antibody measurement in a rotavirus vaccine trial: Choice of vaccine antigen in immunoassays does matter.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Acute rotavirus infection is associated with the induction of circulating memory CD4Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Challenges and Opportunities of Next-Generation Rotavirus Vaccines: Summary of an Expert Meeting with Vaccine Developers.Viruses · 2022Article
- Recent updates on correlates of vaccine-induced protection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- IgA in human health and diseases: Potential regulator of commensal microbiota.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRotavirus vaccine efficacy is reduced in low-income populations, but efforts to improve vaccine performance are limited by lack of clear correlates of protection. Although plasma rotavirus (RV)-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) appears strongly associated with protection against rotavirus gastroenteritis in high-income countries, weaker association has been observed in low-income countries. We tested the hypothesis that lower RV-specific IgA is associated with rotavirus vaccine failure in Malawian infants.
methodsIn a case-control study, we recruited infants presenting with severe rotavirus gastroenteritis following monovalent oral rotavirus vaccination (RV1 vaccine failures). Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the odds of rotavirus seronegativity (RV-specific IgA < 20 U/mL) in these cases compared 1:1 with age-matched, vaccinated, asymptomatic community controls. Plasma RV-specific IgA was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for all participants at recruitment, and for cases at 10 days after symptom onset. Rotavirus infection and genotype were determined by antigen testing and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively.
resultsIn 116 age-matched pairs, infants with RV1 vaccine failure were more likely to be RV-specific IgA seronegative than controls: odds ratio, 3.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-5.9), P=.001. In 60 infants with convalescent serology, 42/45 (93%; 95% CI. 81-98) infants seronegative at baseline became seropositive. Median rise in RV-specific IgA concentration following acute infection was 112.8 (interquartile range, 19.1-380.6)-fold.
conclusionsIn this vaccinated population with high residual burden of rotavirus disease, RV1 vaccine failure was associated with lower RV-specific IgA, providing further evidence of RV-specific IgA as a marker of protection. Robust convalescent RV-specific IgA response in vaccine failures suggests differences in wild-type and vaccine-induced immunity, which informs future vaccine development.
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