Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34788620›Full record

ArticleCell reports2021

Full-length transcript sequencing of human and mouse cerebral cortex identifies widespread isoform diversity and alternative splicing.

Szi Kay Leung, Aaron R Jeffries, Isabel Castanho, Ben T Jordan, Karen Moore, Jonathan P Davies, Emma L Dempster, Nicholas J Bray, Paul O'Neill, Elizabeth Tseng and 10 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
114citing papers in PubMed
10.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

114 citing papers in PubMed, 186 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Evaluating the reliability of tools for mRNA annotation and IRES studies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  14. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.

Szi Kay LeungUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Aaron R JeffriesUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Isabel CastanhoUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ben T JordanDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Karen MooreUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Jonathan P DaviesUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Emma L DempsterUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Nicholas J BraySchool of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Paul O'NeillUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Elizabeth TsengPacific Biosciences, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Zeshan AhmedEli Lilly & Co., Windlesham, UK.
David A CollierEli Lilly & Co., Windlesham, UK.
Erin D JefferyDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Shyam PrabhakarGenome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
Leonard SchalkwykSchool of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
Connor JopsDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Michael J GandalDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Gloria M SheynkmanDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Eilis HannonUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Jonathan MillUniversity of Exeter, Exeter, UK. Electronic address: J.mill@exeter.ac.uk.
University of Exeter · GBUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USEli Lilly (United Kingdom) · GBUniversity of Virginia · USAgency for Science, Technology and Research · SGBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USCardiff University · GBPacific Biosciences (United States) · USUniversity of Essex · GB

Funding

Women's Oncology Program - WONP30CA044579 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI Jay William FOX · 1987 to 2026
$72.1M
UCLA IDDRC: Translational CoreP50HD103557 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SUSAN Y BOOKHEIMER · 2020 to 2026
$9.6M
Isoform-level probabilistic transcriptome-wide association to undercover neurogenetic mechanisms underlying complex psychiatric traitsR01MH121521 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GANDAL, MICHAEL · 2020 to 2024
$3.4M
Population-level and mechanistic dissection of 17q21 structural variant association with psychiatric traitsR01MH123922 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GANDAL, MICHAEL · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
Cellular and developmental genetic regulation of 3' isoform diversity in the human brain and its contribution to neuropsychiatric disordersR01MH137578 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Michael Gandal, Ophir Shalem · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
Medical Research Council MR/L010305/1Medical Research Council MR/M008924/1Medical Research Council MR/R005176/1NCI NIH HHS P30 CA044579NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD103557NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH121521NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123922NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH137578Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 099175/Z/12/ZWellcome Trust WT101650MA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alternative splicing is a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism producing distinct mRNA molecules from a single pre-mRNA with a prominent role in the development and function of the central nervous system. We used long-read isoform sequencing to generate full-length transcript sequences in the human and mouse cortex. We identify novel transcripts not present in existing genome annotations, including transcripts mapping to putative novel (unannotated) genes and fusion transcripts incorporating exons from multiple genes. Global patterns of transcript diversity are similar between human and mouse cortex, although certain genes are characterized by striking differences between species. We also identify developmental changes in alternative splicing, with differential transcript usage between human fetal and adult cortex. Our data confirm the importance of alternative splicing in the cortex, dramatically increasing transcriptional diversity and representing an important mechanism underpinning gene regulation in the brain. We provide transcript-level data for human and mouse cortex as a resource to the scientific community.

Indexed as

Alternative SplicingAnimalsBrainCerebral CortexExonsGene ExpressionGene Expression ProfilingGenomeHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansMiceProtein IsoformsRNA, MessengerRNA PrecursorsRNA Splice SitesSequence Analysis, RNAProtein IsoformsRNA, MessengerRNA PrecursorsRNA Splice Sitesisoform, transcript, expression, brain, cortex, mouse, human, adult, fetal, long-read sequencing, alternative splicing

Identifiers

PMID34788620
PMCPMC8609283
OpenAlexW3214124483

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.