ArticlePloS one2021
Polystyrene microplastic particles induce endothelial activation.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polystyrene nanoplastics induced toxicity in human endothelial cells via atherogenic and autophagy pathways.Discover nano · 2026Article
- Article
- Micro- and Nanoplastics as Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- Environmental Exposure to Micro- and Nanoplastics: Linking Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Through Shared Biological Pathways-A Critical Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Micro-nanoplastics in Cardiovascular Disease: A Critical Update from Environmental Exposure to Clinical Implications.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- The Particle Size Effect: Cytotoxicity and Cellular Uptake of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Human Keratinocytes.Toxics · 2026Article
- Microplastics as both a driver of genitourinary cancers and a deliverer of treatments.Communications medicine · 2026Review
- Nano- and Microplastics in the Cardiovascular System: Current Insights and Biological Implications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Cardiovascular Disease: An Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Factor.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- Emerging cardiovascular risks of micro- and nanoplastics: toxic effects and mechanistic pathways.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Review
- Microplastics as environmental modifiers of lung disease.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- PCSK9 inhibition ameliorates microplastic-induced endothelial redox imbalance via SIRT6 modulation.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Article
- Article
- Microplastic exposure elicits sex-specific atherosclerosis development in lean low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice.Environment international · 2025Article
- Polystyrene microplastics are internalized by human gingival fibroblasts, enhance cell motility and induce molecular changes revealed through proteomic analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Microplastics as emerging carcinogens: from environmental pollutants to oncogenic drivers.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Micro-Embolic Events and Their Clearing in the Brain. A Narrative Review.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Micro- and nanoplastics reduce the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of E. coli by THP1-Blue™ NFκB monocytes.Infection · 2025Article
- Effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the kidney and cardiovascular system.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Comorbidity of hypertension and lung cancer: interplay of genetics and environment.Discover oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Due to its increasing production, durability and multiple applications, plastic is a material we encounter every day. Small plastic particles from the μm to the mm range are classified as microplastics and produced for cosmetic and medical products, but are also a result of natural erosion and decomposition of macroplastics. Although being omnipresent in our environment and already detected in various organisms, less is known about the effects of microplastics on humans in general, or on vascular biology in particular. Here we investigated the effects of carboxylated polystyrene microplastic particles (PS, 1 μm) on murine endothelial and immune cells, which are both crucially involved in vascular inflammation, using in vitro and in vivo approaches. In vitro, PS induced adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells with subsequent adhesion of leukocytes both under static and flow conditions. In monocytic cells, PS enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and release. Accordingly, administering mice with PS led to enhanced aortic expression of cytokines and adhesion molecules. Furthermore, we identified neutrophils as the PS-clearing blood leukocyte population. The findings from this study for the first time indicate polystyrene microplastic as a new environmental risk factor for endothelial inflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.