ArticleScience advances2021
The lungfish cocoon is a living tissue with antimicrobial functions.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Estivation Strategies of Invasive SnailEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- Article
- Understanding vertebrate immunity through comparative immunology.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- The West African lungfish secretes a living cocoon during aestivation with uncertain antimicrobial function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Interwoven processes in fish development: microbial community succession and immune maturation.PeerJ · 2024Review
- Aestivation in Nature: Physiological Strategies and Evolutionary Adaptations in Hypometabolic States.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A single-cell atlas of West African lungfish respiratory system reveals evolutionary adaptations to terrestrialization.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Fighting pathogens in two battlefields: Antimicrobial defenses in the African lungfish.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of shrimp immune cells identifies macrophage-like phagocytes.eLife · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Terrestrialization is an extreme physiological adaptation by which African lungfish survive dry seasons. For months and up to several years, lungfish live inside a dry mucus cocoon that protects them from desiccation. Light and electron microscopy reveal that the lungfish cocoon is a living tissue that traps bacteria. Transcriptomic analyses identify a global state of inflammation in the terrestrialized lungfish skin characterized by granulocyte recruitment. Recruited granulocytes transmigrate into the cocoon where they release extracellular traps. In vivo DNase I surface spraying during terrestrialization results in dysbiosis, septicemia, skin wounds, and hemorrhages. Thus, lungfish have evolved unique immunological adaptations to protect their bodies from infection for extended periods of time while living on land. Trapping bacteria outside their bodies may benefit estivating vertebrates that undergo metabolic torpor.
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Registered trials
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