ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2021
Cholecystectomy and subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.
Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of Dementia After Cholecystectomy in Older Adults: A Nationwide Retrospective Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Observational
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis and bile acids-driven neuromodulation.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Fifteen-year impact of cholecystectomy on multiple organs.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Bile acids as therapeutic agents.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Association between cholecystectomy and chronic kidney disease risk: a nationally retrospective cohort study.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Cholecystectomy Increases the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Nationwide Longitudinal Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Investigation of the causal relationship between cholelithiasis and Parkinson's disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Associations of cholecystectomy with metabolic health changes and incident cardiovascular disease: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association between the length of stay in rehabilitation and mortality among the adults with Parkinson's disease: 2009-2019 Korean National Health Insurance Service Databases.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Liver's influence on the brain through the action of bile acids.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Growing evidence has suggested that the gut-brain axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and that this role is mediated by the interactions between bile acids (BAs) and intestinal microbiota. Given that cholecystectomy can lead to alterations in BAs and gut microbiota, we investigated whether cholecystectomy is linked to a higher risk of PD. We constructed a cohort of patients with an operation code of cholecystectomy from 2010 to 2015 (n = 161,838) and age- and sex-matched control subjects without cholecystectomy (n = 286,135) using the National Health Insurance Service database. Incident PD was traced over a maximum observation period of 7 years. We identified 1404 incident PD cases during 1,631,265 person-years of follow-up. The cholecystectomy group showed an elevated risk of PD compared to the control group, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.27). When the data were split by sex, the risk elevation was significant in men (adjusted HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.41), but not in women (adjusted HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.88-1.22). Our results provide evidence that cholecystectomy is associated with an increased risk of developing PD. This association differed between men and women, suggesting sex-specific effects of cholecystectomy on the risk of PD.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.