Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34785000›Full record

ReviewThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology2022

Open-source automated insulin delivery: international consensus statement and practical guidance for health-care professionals.

Katarina Braune, Rayhan A Lal, Lenka Petruželková, Gary Scheiner, Per Winterdijk, Signe Schmidt, Linda Raimond, Korey K Hood, Michael C Riddell, Timothy C Skinner and 3 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · greenAbstract readReviewConsensus Statement
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
11.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Guideline
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  5. Review
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  14. Towards better Diabetes Data Rights: Data protection, data 'ownership', and developing a patient charter.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026
    Article
  15. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.

Katarina BrauneDepartment of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Medical Informatics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Rayhan A LalStanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: inforay@stanford.edu.
Lenka PetruželkováDepartment of Pediatrics, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
Gary ScheinerIntegrated Diabetes Services, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
Per WinterdijkDiabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Signe SchmidtSteno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
Linda RaimondSteno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
Korey K HoodStanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Michael C RiddellMuscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Timothy C SkinnerDepartment of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia.
Klemens RaileDepartment of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Sufyan HussainDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK; Department of Diabetes, King's College London, London, UK; Institute of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity, King's Health Partners, London, UK. Electronic address: sufyan.hussain@kcl.ac.uk.
OPEN International Healthcare Professional Network and OPEN Legal Advisory Group
Steno Diabetes Centers · DKBerlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DECharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DEKings Health Partners · GBLa Trobe University · AUStanford Medicine · USStanford University · USUniversity Hospital in Motol · CZYork University · CA

Funding

Stanford Islet Research CoreP30DK116074 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Holden T. Maecker · 2017 to 2026
$19.5M
Training Research Leaders in Type 1 DiabetesK12DK122550 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MAAHS, DAVID MATTHEW · 2019 to 2023
$2.1M
The Optimal Pathway to Implanted Autonomous Insulin DeliveryK23DK122017 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LAL, RAYHAN · 2020 to 2024
$958k
NIDDK NIH HHS K12 DK122550NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK122017NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116074Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Open-source automated insulin delivery systems, commonly referred to as do-it-yourself automated insulin delivery systems, are examples of user-driven innovations that were co-created and supported by an online community who were directly affected by diabetes. Their uptake continues to increase globally, with current estimates suggesting several thousand active users worldwide. Real-world user-driven evidence is growing and provides insights into safety and effectiveness of these systems. The aim of this consensus statement is two-fold. Firstly, it provides a review of the current evidence, description of the technologies, and discusses the ethics and legal considerations for these systems from an international perspective. Secondly, it provides a much-needed international health-care consensus supporting the implementation of open-source systems in clinical settings, with detailed clinical guidance. This consensus also provides important recommendations for key stakeholders that are involved in diabetes technologies, including developers, regulators, and industry, and provides medico-legal and ethical support for patient-driven, open-source innovations.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1InsulinHealth PersonnelHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin Infusion SystemsHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID34785000
PMCPMC8720075
OpenAlexW3214498242

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.