ArticleBMC nutrition2021
Association of vitamin D status and cardio-metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study.
Article in BMC nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in relation to hypertension in children and adolescents: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies with GRADE assessment.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiometabolic and Biochemical Indicators in Adolescent Girls According to Nutritional Status and Lifestyle.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Article
- Cardiometabolic implications of triglyceride-glucose index, remnant cholesterol, and vitamin D in normoglycemic Arab adolescents: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Observational
- Relationship between Air Pollution and Serum Vitamin D Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advanced biomedical research · 2024Article
- Cardiometabolic factors and vitamin D deficiency in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) starts from early life and is one of the important underlying factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Controversial evidence exists on the role of vitamin D deficiency in increasing the risk of pediatric MetS.
objectiveThis study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D level with MetS and its components in children and adolescents.
methodsThis nationwide cross-sectional study was performed as part of a surveillance program in Iran. Participants were 2596 students, aged 7 to 18 years, living in 30 provinces. In addition to filling questionnaires, a physical examination was conducted, and blood samples were collected. The serum concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured using the direct competitive immunoassay chemiluminescence method.
results2596 students with a mean age of 12.2 y (55.1% boys) were recruited. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in participants was 10.6% (n = 276), and 60.5% (n = 1570), respectively. The prevalence of MetS was higher in the vitamin D deficient group. Students with deficient vitamin D levels had higher odds of MetS (OR: 4.25, 95%CI: 2.26-7.98), abdominal obesity (OR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.61-3.12), low HDL-C (OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.18-2.30) and high fasting blood sugar (OR: 2.56, 95%CI: 1.43-4.57) in comparison to those with sufficient level of vitamin D.
conclusionVitamin D deficiency was associated with increased odds of MetS and its components in the Iranian pediatric population. These findings underscore the importance of prevention and control of vitamin D deficiency in preventative programs against NCDs.
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