SynthesisBMC psychiatry2021
Time of onset and/or diagnosis of ADHD in European children: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Individual child factors affecting the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents: a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of exposure to opioids in pregnancy on offspring developmental outcomes in the preschool years: an umbrella review.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Pooled it
- Prenatal exposure to pregabalin, birth outcomes and neurodevelopment - a population-based cohort study in four Nordic countries.Drug safety · 2023Pooled it
- Shared and disorder-specific prenatal and perinatal risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders: a nationwide cohort study.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Sleep in Young Children With Autism, ADHD and Combined Presentations.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Trends in the incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and early risk factors.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Motor Competence and Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: A Comparative Study with Typically Developing Peers.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Multimorbidity.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Direct and Indirect Genetic Effects on Child ADHD Traits in Early and Mid-Childhood: Trio Genome-Wide Complex Trait Analyses in a Large Norwegian Birth Registry Cohort.Behavior genetics · 2026Article
- Effect of methylphenidate on body mass index in children and adolescents in relation to baseline weight status.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Early attention deficit hyperactivity disorder prediction from longitudinal electronic health records.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of the National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children in Detecting Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Nationwide Population-Based Analysis.Annals of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- The Impact of ADHD on Children's Language Development.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Umbilical Cord Blood pH Level, Apgar Score, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Temporal variability in pupillary asymmetry reflects ADHD-related traits in preschool and early school-aged children.Frontiers in cognition · 2026Article
- Article
- Dosing and Discontinuation of Methylphenidate Medication in Relation to Weight Status in Children and Adolescents.Paediatric drugs · 2026Article
- Cortical markers of excitation/inhibition balance are associated with sensory responsivity from infancy in longitudinal cohorts enriched for autism and ADHD.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Parent-child similarity on autism and ADHD traits and children's social functioning and psychological well-being at 3 years.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- The Long-Term Impact of ADHD on Children and Adolescents' Health-Related Quality of Life: Results From a Longitudinal Population-Based Australian Study.Journal of attention disorders · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAttention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurobehavioral conditions. Symptoms related to this disorder cause a significant impairment in school tasks and in the activities of children's daily lives; an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment could almost certainly help improve their outcomes. The current study, part of the Models Of Child Health Appraised (MOCHA) project, aims to explore the age at which children experience the onset or diagnosis of ADHD in European countries.
methodsA systematic review was done examining the studies reporting the age of onset/diagnosis (AO/AD) of ADHD in European countries (28 European Member States plus 2 European Economic Area countries), published between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019. Of the 2276 identified studies, 44 met all the predefined criteria and were included in the review.
resultsThe lowest mean AO in the children diagnosed with ADHD alone was 2.25 years and the highest was 7.5 years. It was 15.3 years in the children with ADHD and disruptive behaviour disorder. The mean AD ranges between 6.2 and 18.1 years.
conclusionsOur findings indicate that there is a wide variability in both the AO and AD of ADHD, and a too large distance between AO and AD. Since studies in the literature suggest that an early identification of ADHD symptoms may facilitate early referral and treatment, it would be important to understand the underlying reasons behind the wide variability found.
trial registrationPROSPERO registration: CRD42017070631 .
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