ArticleCell host & microbe2021
Human influenza virus challenge identifies cellular correlates of protection for oral vaccination.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune responses in healthy adults elicited by a bivalent norovirus vaccine candidate composed of GI.4 and GII.4 VLPs without adjuvant.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Trial
- Upper respiratory tract CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells protect against viral transmission.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Mucosal IgA to pre-fusion F protein predicts protection from RSV infection in a high burden setting.Nature communications · 2026Article
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- A TRAC-478-adjuvanted recombinant N1 neuraminidase influenza virus vaccine induces balanced and broadly protective immune responses.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Large language models for bioinformatics.Quantitative biology (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Estimating time since influenza virus exposure using single-cell proteomic data.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- T-cell immunity against influenza virus does not require Th1 or Th17 master regulator transcription factors.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Repeated oral exposure to H5N1 influenza virus in pasteurized milk does not cause adverse responses to subsequent influenza infection.Science advances · 2025Article
- Integrating Cellular Immune Biomarkers with Machine Learning to Identify Potential Correlates of Protection for aVaccines · 2025Article
- Review
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an intranasal neuraminidase-based influenza vaccine with bacterial cell membrane-derived adjuvants.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- The Application of Single-Cell Technologies for Vaccine Development Against Viral Infections.Vaccines · 2025Review
- The case for development of a core outcome set (COS) and supplemental reporting guidelines for influenza vaccine challenge trial research in swine.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Comparative single-cell immune responses in peripheral blood and lymph node of immunized SARS-CoV-2 challenged infant rhesus macaques.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Development of an intranasal, universal influenza vaccine in an EU-funded public-private partnership: the FLUniversal consortium.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Functional Involvement of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription in the Pathogenesis of Influenza A Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Airway-resident memory CD4 T cell activation accelerates antigen presentation and T cell priming in draining lymph nodes.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Mass cytometry reveals cellular correlates of immune response heterogeneity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the elderly.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Meeting Report: Controlled Human Influenza Virus Infection Model Studies: Current Status and Future Directions for Innovation.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Developing new influenza vaccines with improved performance and easier administration routes hinges on defining correlates of protection. Vaccine-elicited cellular correlates of protection for influenza in humans have not yet been demonstrated. A phase-2 double-blind randomized placebo and active (inactivated influenza vaccine) controlled study provides evidence that a human-adenovirus-5-based oral influenza vaccine tablet (VXA-A1.1) can protect from H1N1 virus challenge in humans. Mass cytometry characterization of vaccine-elicited cellular immune responses identified shared and vaccine-type-specific responses across B and T cells. For VXA-A1.1, the abundance of hemagglutinin-specific plasmablasts and plasmablasts positive for integrin α4β7, phosphorylated STAT5, or lacking expression of CD62L at day 8 were significantly correlated with protection from developing viral shedding following virus challenge at day 90 and contributed to an effective machine learning model of protection. These findings reveal the characteristics of vaccine-elicited cellular correlates of protection for an oral influenza vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.