ArticleJAMA network open2021
Projected US Urology Workforce per Capita, 2020-2060.
Article in JAMA network open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Tension Hydrocele-How Point-of-care Ultrasound Helps in the Emergency Department: A Case Report.Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine · 2026Article
- The Role of Artificial Neural Networks in Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Segmentation.Cureus · 2026Article
- Re-examining equity in urology Evaluating the emergence of unintended bias against male clinicians and academics.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2026Review
- Self-Reported Patient-Perpetrated Sexual Harassment Among the US Urological Workforce.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Real-World Utility of Cxbladder Triage for Patients with Microhematuria: A Matched Cohort Study.Urology practice · 2026Article
- Review
- Post-Pandemic Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence Among Women in the United States and Associated Risk Factors.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Global Perspectives on Urologic Training in Low- and Middle-income Countries.Current urology reports · 2026Review
- Impact of In-Office Dispensing Adoption by Urology Practices on Oral Specialty Drug Use in Advanced Prostate Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Hematuria Cancer Risk Score in Combination With Oncuria-Detect for Patients Undergoing Evaluation for Hematuria.Urology · 2026Article
- Economic impact of reduced postoperative visits after inflatable penile prosthesis implantation.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2025Article
- Physician Assistant/Associate Urology Workforce: A National Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Building a More Inclusive Urology Workforce: Lessons from Successful Initiatives.Journal of healthcare leadership · 2025Review
- Gender equity in oncology: Progress, challenges, and the path forward in urologic oncology and oncologic specialties.Cancer · 2025Review
- Article
- Access to inflatable penile prosthesis surgery as indicated by distances traveled among US men with Medicare.Sexual medicine · 2024Article
- Patient Satisfaction with a Novel Tele-Cystoscopy Model: Expanding Access to Bladder Cancer Surveillance for Rural Patients.Telemedicine reports · 2024Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Projections to 2035 have demonstrated concern regarding a worsening urology workforce shortage. Objective: To project the size and demographic characteristics of the urology workforce per capita into 2060 and to anticipate the timing and degree of the impending urology workforce shortage. Design, Setting, and Participants: This population-based cross-sectional study used the 2019 American Urological Association Annual Census data and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's Data Resource Book from 2007 to 2018. The cohort included practicing urologists in 2019. US Census data were used to approximate the projected US population. Data analysis was performed from June 2020 to March 2021. Exposures: Continued growth stock and flow model of 13.8% and stagnant growth model of 0% increase of the incoming urology workforce with cohort projection per projected US population. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was urology workforce projection per the population aged 65 years and older. Urology workforce projections per capita and demographic characteristics of the urology workforce up to 2060 were calculated under guided assumptions with 2 stock and flow models. Results: In 2019, there were 13 044 urologists (11 758 men [90.1.%]; 1286 women [9.9%]; median age range, 55-59 years), with 3.99 urologists per 100 000 persons and 311 new urologists entering the workforce. In a continued growth model, 2030 will have the lowest number of urologists per capita of 3.3 urologists per 100 000 persons, and recovery to baseline will occur by 2050. There are 23.8 urologists per 100 000 persons aged 65 years and older in 2020, which decreases to 15.8 urologists per 100 000 persons aged 65 years and older in 2035 and never recovers to its baseline level by 2060. In a stagnant growth model, there will be a continued decrease of urologists per capita to 3.1 urologists per 100 000 persons by 2060. There is a continued decrease in per capita urologists at each time point, with 13.1 urologists per 100 000 persons aged 65 years and older by 2060. Conclusions and Relevance: With the impending urology workforce shortage, there will be an exaggerated shortage of total urologists per persons aged 65 years and older in both models. This projection highlights the need for structural changes and advocacy to maximize the available urology workforce.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.