Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34782860›Full record

ArticleBioMed research international2021

An Expert System for COVID-19 Infection Tracking in Lungs Using Image Processing and Deep Learning Techniques.

Umashankar Subramaniam, M Monica Subashini, Dhafer Almakhles, Alagar Karthick, S Manoharan

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BioMed research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. COVID-19 Detection Based on Lung Ct Scan Using Deep Learning Techniques.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Diagnosing Breast Cancer Based on the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Umashankar SubramaniamDepartment of Communications and Networks, Prince Sultan University, 11586 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9407-1795
M Monica SubashiniDepartment of Control and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, 632014 Vellore, India.
Dhafer AlmakhlesDepartment of Communications and Networks, Prince Sultan University, 11586 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Alagar KarthickRenewable Energy Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Arasur, Coimbatore 641407, Tamilnadu, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-5138
S ManoharanDepartment of Computer Science, School of Informatics and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Technology, Ambo University, Ambo Post Box No.: 19, Ethiopia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1425-2749
Prince Sultan University · SAAmbo University · ETKPR Institute of Engineering and Technology · INVellore Institute of Technology University · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The proposed method introduces algorithms for the preprocessing of normal, COVID-19, and pneumonia X-ray lung images which promote the accuracy of classification when compared with raw (unprocessed) X-ray lung images. Preprocessing of an image improves the quality of an image increasing the intersection over union scores in segmentation of lungs from the X-ray images. The authors have implemented an efficient preprocessing and classification technique for respiratory disease detection. In this proposed method, the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) algorithm, Haar transform (Haar), and local binary pattern (LBP) algorithm were applied on lung X-ray images to extract the best features and segment the left lung and right lung. The segmentation of lungs from the X-ray can improve the accuracy of results in COVID-19 detection algorithms or any machine/deep learning techniques. The segmented lungs are validated over intersection over union scores to compare the algorithms. The preprocessed X-ray image results in better accuracy in classification for all three classes (normal/COVID-19/pneumonia) than unprocessed raw images. VGGNet, AlexNet, Resnet, and the proposed deep neural network were implemented for the classification of respiratory diseases. Among these architectures, the proposed deep neural network outperformed the other models with better classification accuracy.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsCOVID-19Deep LearningExpert SystemsHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedLungMachine LearningPneumoniaX-Rays

Identifiers

PMID34782860
PMCPMC8590595
OpenAlexW3214415158

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.