ArticleFrontiers in medicine2021
Peripheral Immune Cells Exhaustion and Functional Impairment in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Pegbing in Healthy Subjects and Chronic Hepatitis B Patients.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Review
- Peripheral and intrahepatic B-cell subsets contribute to HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Virology journal · 2025Article
- An overview of hepatitis B virus in gastric carcinogenesis: from clinical association to molecular mechanisms.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Review
- Hantaan virus-derived peptides that stabilize HLA-E could abrogate inhibition of CD56dimNKG2A+ NK cells.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- [Current status of research on the impairment of natural killer cell function caused by hepatitis B virus infection].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025Review
- Unveiling low level viremia in chronic hepatitis B: challenges and new horizons.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- [Immune status of inactive HBsAg antigen carriers with chronic HBV infection].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2024Article
- Polygenic polymorphism is associated with NKG2A repertoire and influences lymphocyte phenotype and function.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in the progression, metastasis, and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: from bench to bedside.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Cytokine Response of Natural Killer Cells to Hepatitis B Virus Infection Depends on Monocyte Co-Stimulation.Viruses · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoints on T and NK cells in the context of HBV infection: Landscape, pathophysiology and therapeutic exploitation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Immune response and treatment targets of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: innate and adaptive immunity.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Mesenchymal stem cells-based therapy in liver diseases.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
- Immune Checkpoint Molecules Expressed on CD4Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Natural Killer Cells Induce CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- High Number and Specific Comorbidities Could Impact the Immune Response in COVID-19 Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Expression of Functional Molecule on Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Is Associated With HBsAg Loss in HBeAg-Positive Patients During PEG-IFN α-2a Treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Implications of NKG2A in immunity and immune-mediated diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV), the virus induces a variety of immune disorders in the host, leading to immune escape and, finally, the chronicity of the disease. This study investigated immune cell defects and functional impairment in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We analyzed the percentage, function, and phenotypes of various immune cell subpopulations in the peripheral blood along with the concentrations of cytokines in the plasma. We compared the results between patients with CHB and healthy individuals. It was found that in patients with CHB, the cell function was impaired and, there was increased expression of inhibitory receptors, such as NKG2A and PD-1 in both NK and T cells. The impairment of function was mainly in cytokine secretion, and the cytotoxicity was not significantly diminished. We also found that the proportion of dendritic cells (DC) decreased and regulatory B cells (Breg) increased in CHB. In addition, the Breg cells were negatively correlated with T cell cytokine and positively correlated with ALT and HBV viral load. Taken together, various disorders and functional impairments were found in the immune cells of peripheral blood in CHB patients, especially NK and T cells. These cells showed exhaustion and the increase of regulatory B cells may be one of the reasons for this phenomenon.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.