ArticleLearning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)2021
Maintained goal-directed control with overtraining on ratio schedules.
Article in Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bad habits-good goals? Meta-analysis and translation of the habit construct to alcoholism.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Does time pressure reveal habits? Divergent results from outcome devaluation and response remapping paradigms.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Human goal-directed behavior is resistant to interventions on the action-outcome contingency.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Delayed rewards weaken human goal directed actions.NPJ science of learning · 2025Article
- A dual-pathway architecture enables chronic stress to disrupt agency and promote habit formation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Characterizing Human Habits in the Lab.Collabra. Psychology · 2024Article
- Sex and individual differences in the effect of chronic low-dose ethanol on behavioral strategy selection.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- Making and breaking habits: Revisiting the definitions and behavioral factors that influence habits in animals.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2024Review
- Article
- Effects of predictive and incentive value manipulation on sign- and goal-tracking behavior.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2023Article
- Investigating habits in humans with a symmetrical outcome-revaluation task.Behavior research methods · 2023Article
- Task parameters influence operant response variability in mice.Psychopharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
It is thought that goal-directed control of actions weakens or becomes masked by habits over time. We tested the opposing hypothesis that goal-directed control becomes stronger over time, and that this growth is modulated by the overall action-outcome contiguity. Despite group differences in action-outcome contiguity early in training, rats trained under random and fixed ratio schedules showed equivalent goal-directed control of lever pressing that appeared to grow over time. We confirmed that goal-directed control was maintained after extended training under another type of ratio schedule-continuous reinforcement-using specific satiety and taste aversion devaluation methods. These results add to the growing literature showing that extensive training does not reliably weaken goal-directed control and that it may strengthen it, or at least maintain it.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.