ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2022
Clinical features and cognitive sequelae in COVID-19: a retrospective study on N=152 patients.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of Cognitive Function Following Non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Neuropsychology review · 2025Pooled it
- Changes in cognitive functioning after COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Pooled it
- Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 on Cognitive Functions Through Event-Related Potentials Analysis.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2026Article
- COVID-19 and cognitive impairment: a review of the emerging evidence.Discover mental health · 2025Review
- Alzheimer's disease risk after COVID-19: a view from the perspective of the infectious hypothesis of neurodegeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- COVID-19 pandemic in the intensive care unit: Psychological implications and interventions, a systematic review.World journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Relationship between Reaction Times and Post-COVID-19 Symptoms Assessed by a Web-Based Visual Detection Task.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Monitoring cognitive and psychological alterations in COVID-19 patients: A longitudinal neuropsychological study.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2023Article
- Cognitive Deficits among Individuals Admitted to a Post-Acute Pneumological Rehabilitation Unit in Southern Italy after COVID-19 Infection.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Association between serologically confirmed COVID-19 infection and cognitive functioning in community dwelling older adults.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Cognitive Impairment after Post-Acute COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Limited evidence for neuropsychological dysfunction in patients initially affected by severe COVID-19.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Psychiatric symptoms subsequent to COVID-19 and their association with clinical features: A retrospective investigation.Psychiatry research · 2022Article
- Cognitive phenotyping of post-infectious SARS-CoV-2 patients.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- The association between objective cognitive measures and ecological-functional outcomes in COVID-19.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) shows neurotropism and systemically affects the central nervous system (CNS). Cognitive deficits have been indeed reported as both short- and long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the association between these disturbances and background/disease-related clinical features remains elusive. This work aimed at exploring how post-infective cognitive status relates to clinical/treatment outcomes by controlling for premorbid/current risk factors for cognitive deficits.
methodsCognitive measures (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE) of N=152 COVID-19 patient were retrospectively assessed in relation to disease severity, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, steroidal treatment, and occurrence of other viral/bacterial infections by controlling for remote/recent/COVID-19-related risk factors for cognitive deficits (at-risk vs. not-at-risk: Neuro+ vs. Neuro-).
resultsDescriptively, impaired MMSE performances were highly prevalent in mild-to-moderate patients (26.3%). ICU-admitted patients made less errors (p=.021) on the MMSE than those not admitted when partialling out risk factors and age-the latter negatively influencing performances. When addressing Neuro- patients only, steroidal treatment appears to improve MMSE scores among those suffering from other infections (p=.025). DISCUSSION: Cognitive sequelae of COVID-19 are likely to arise from a complex interplay between background/clinical premorbid features and disease-related/interventional procedures and outcomes. Mild-to-moderate patients requiring assistive ventilation who however are not admitted to an ICU are more likely to suffer from cognitive deficits-despite their etiology remaining elusive.
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