ReviewThe Journal of endocrinology2021
The links between sleep duration, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Review in The Journal of endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 174 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 256 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Behavioral Sleep Interventions on Measures of Obesity, Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Adults With Poor Sleep Health: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Imbalanced sleep increases mortality risk by 14-34%: a meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2025Pooled it
- Inadequate sleep increases stroke risk: evidence from a comprehensive meta-analysis of incidence and mortality.GeroScience · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of altered sleep timing on glycaemic outcomes: Systematic review of human intervention studies.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Nighttime sleep duration and the prevalence of hyperuricemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Decoding the gut-sleep Nexus: a bibliometric mapping of gut microbiota and sleep disorders.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Mapping the relationships among sleep, motor balance, and cognition in older adults: a systematic scoping review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Short sleep duration and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/metabolic associated fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2023Pooled it
- Sleep behaviours and associated habits and the progression of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes & vascular disease researchPooled it
- The effect of non-pharmacological sleep interventions on glycaemic measures in adults with sleep disturbances and behaviours: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes & vascular disease researchPooled it
- Acute impairments in glucose tolerance following one night of partial sleep restriction are not rescued by moderate-intensity walking in young men.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Randomised feasibility trial of a remotely delivered holistic UK employee programme combining tailored sleep hygiene, diet, and physical activity counselling for weight management: a mixed-methods evaluation.Journal of nutritional science · 2026Trial
- The relationship between abdominal fat and sleep quality after combined exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Trial
- Prediction of individual weight loss using supervised learning: findings from the CALERIEThe American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Trial
- Association between sleep quality with maternal and neonatal outcomes during the covid-19 pandemic.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Trial
- Effects of light therapy on sleep and circadian rhythm in older type 2 diabetics living in long-term care facilities: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Trial
- Impact of 8-hour time-limited eating on sleep in adolescents with obesity.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2023Trial
- The Effect of Tele-Savvy on Sleep Quality and Insomnia in Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia.Clinical interventions in aging · 2023Trial
- Sleep quality partially mediates the association between remnant cholesterol inflammatory index and depressive symptoms: multi-cohort analysis from cross-sectional and longitudinal cohorts.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Atopic Dermatitis and Sleep Disorders.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Article
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Global rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasing globally concomitant with a rising prevalence of sleep deprivation and sleep disorders. Understanding the links between sleep, obesity and T2DM might offer an opportunity to develop better prevention and treatment strategies for these epidemics. Experimental studies have shown that sleep restriction is associated with changes in energy homeostasis, insulin resistance and β-cell function. Epidemiological cohort studies established short sleep duration as a risk factor for developing obesity and T2DM. In addition, small studies suggested that short sleep duration was associated with less weight loss following lifestyle interventions or bariatric surgery. In this article, we review the epidemiological evidence linking sleep duration to obesity and T2DM and plausible mechanisms. In addition, we review the impact of changes in sleep duration on obesity and T2DM.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.