ReviewPhysiology (Bethesda, Md.)2022
Insulin, Muscle Glucose Uptake, and Hexokinase: Revisiting the Road Not Taken.
Review in Physiology (Bethesda, Md.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Lower Limb Combined Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Skeletal Muscle Signaling for Glucose Utilization, Myofiber Distribution, and Metabolic Function after Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- HK2 promotes angiogenesis through H3K18 lactylation in peripheral arterial disease.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Exercise and physical activity interventions in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Oxytocin as a regulator of skeletal muscle plasticity and metabolic function.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Article
- L-Arginine Supplementation Improves Endurance Under Chronic Fatigue: Inducing In Vivo Paradigms with In Vitro Support.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Gestational age and models for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Observational
- Unraveling the Mystery of Insulin Resistance: From Principle Mechanistic Insights and Consequences to Therapeutic Interventions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Energy metabolism in health and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutics of insulin signaling transduction genes in diabetic cardiomyopathy: a comprehensive updated review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Effects of aerobic, resistance, interval, and combined training on glucose metabolism in older adults: insights into type, dose, and mechanism.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Natural Products and Derivatives Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing integrated with bulk RNA sequencing analysis reveals the protective effects of lactate-mediated lactylation of microglia-related proteins on spinal cord injury.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Unraveling Light-Activated Insulin Action in Regulating Blood Glucose: New Photoactivatable Insight as a Novel Modality in Diabetes Management.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Trophoblast-derived miR-410-5p induces M2 macrophage polarization and mediates immunotolerance at the fetal-maternal interface by targeting the STAT1 signaling pathway.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- One bout of endurance exercise does not change gene expression or proliferation in a C26 colon carcinoma in immunocompetent mice.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Molecular Genetics of Abnormal Redox Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Evolution of the diagnostic value of "the sugar of the blood": hitting the sweet spot to identify alterations in glucose dynamics.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Research conducted over the last 50 yr has provided insight into the mechanisms by which insulin stimulates glucose transport across the skeletal muscle cell membrane Transport alone, however, does not result in net glucose uptake as free glucose equilibrates across the cell membrane and is not metabolized. Glucose uptake requires that glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinases. Phosphorylated glucose cannot leave the cell and is the substrate for metabolism. It is indisputable that glucose phosphorylation is essential for glucose uptake. Major advances have been made in defining the regulation of the insulin-stimulated glucose transporter (GLUT4) in skeletal muscle. By contrast, the insulin-regulated hexokinase (hexokinase II) parallels Robert Frost's "The Road Not Taken." Here the case is made that an understanding of glucose phosphorylation by hexokinase II is necessary to define the regulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake in health and insulin resistance. Results of studies from different physiological disciplines that have elegantly described how hexokinase II can be regulated are summarized to provide a framework for potential application to skeletal muscle. Mechanisms by which hexokinase II is regulated in skeletal muscle await rigorous examination.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.