ArticleAIDS research and human retroviruses2022
Drug Resistance, Rather than Low Tenofovir Levels in Blood or Urine, Is Associated with Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, and Efavirenz Failure in Resource-Limited Settings.
Article in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Real-Time Urine Tenofovir Assay Improves Drug Adherence Among People With HIV With Prior Virologic Failure in a Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Trial
- Incentivizing adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: a randomized pilot trial among male sex workers in Mexico.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025Trial
- Predictors of treatment-emergent resistance to dolutegravir.The lancet. HIV · 2025Review
- The impact of adherence counseling incorporating a point of care urine tenofovir assay on virologic suppression among individuals failing tenofovir-lamivudine-dolutegravir: A pre-post intervention study.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2025Article
- Low-cost urine tenofovir assay to triage dolutegravir resistance testing.The lancet. HIV · 2024Article
- Point-of-care urine tenofovir monitoring of adherence to drive interventions for HIV treatment and prevention.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2024Review
- Comparing a point-of-care urine tenofovir lateral flow assay to self-reported adherence and their associations with viral load suppression among adults on antiretroviral therapy.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2024Article
- Tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots and HIV-1 resistance in South Africa.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Observational
- Diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care urine tenofovir assay, and associations with HIV viraemia and drug resistance among people receiving dolutegravir and efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Urine Tenofovir Levels Strongly Correlate With Virologic Suppression in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Tenofovir Alafenamide-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Measuring patient engagement with HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Review
- Proposal of pharmacophore model for HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors: Combined mutational effect analysis, molecular dynamics, molecular docking and pharmacophore modeling study.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The high cost of viral load (VL) testing limits its use for antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence support. A low-cost lateral flow urine tenofovir (TFV) rapid assay predicts pre-exposure prophylaxis breakthroughs, but has not yet been investigated in HIV treatment. We therefore evaluated its utility in a pilot cross-sectional study of TFV-containing ART recipients at an increased risk of virologic failure (VF). Participants who had a treatment interruption ≥30 days or had ≥1 episode of viremia (VL ≥400 copies/mL) in the previous year were recruited from a public health setting in Cape Town, South Africa. Self-reported adherence data were collected, the urine TFV assay performed, and concurrent TFV-diphosphate analyzed in dried blood spots. VL testing was done concurrently and, if viremic, genotypic HIV drug resistance testing was performed. Of 48 participants, 18 (37.5%) had VL (>400 copies/mL) at the time of the study, including 16 of 39 receiving efavirenz (EFV), 2 of 6 receiving protease inhibitors, and 0 of 3 receiving dolutegravir. Resistance testing succeeded in 17/18, of which 14 had significant mutations compromising ≥2 agents of the current EFV-based regimen. Of these 14, all had detected urine TFV. Urine TFV was undetectable in two out of three without regimen-relevant resistance;
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.