Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34778933›Full record

ReviewCurrent heart failure reports2021

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction-Does Sex Matter?

Sascha Swaraj, Rebecca Kozor, Clare Arnott, Belinda A Di Bartolo, Gemma A Figtree

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current heart failure reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Adverse cardiovascular and metabolic perturbations among older women: 'fat-craving' hearts.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Sascha SwarajThe Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Rebecca KozorThe Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Clare ArnottThe George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Belinda A Di BartoloThe Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Gemma A FigtreeThe Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. gemma.figtree@sydney.edu.au.
University of Sydney · AUGeorge Institute for Global Health · GBRoyal North Shore Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewThere is an increasing recognition of the importance of sex in susceptibility, clinical presentation, and outcomes for heart failure. This review focusses on heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), unravelling differences in biology, clinical and demographic features and evidence for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This is intended to inform clinicians and researchers regarding state-of-the-art evidence relevant to women, as well as areas of unmet need. RECENT

findingsFemales are well recognised to be under-represented in clinical trials, but there have been some improvements in recent years. Data from the last 5 years reaffirms that women presenting with HFrEF women are older and have more comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes and obesity compared with men and are less likely to have ischaemic heart disease. Non-ischaemic aetiologies are more likely to be the cause of HFrEF in women, and women are more often symptomatic. Whilst mortality is less than in their male counterparts, HFrEF is associated with a bigger impact on quality of life in females. The implications of this for improved prevention, treatment and outcomes are discussed. This review reveals distinct sex differences in HFrEF pathophysiology, types of presentation, morbidity and mortality. In light of this, in order for future research and clinical medicine to be able to manage HFrEF adequately, there must be more representation of women in clinical trials as well as collaboration for the development of sex-specific management guidelines. Future research might also elucidate the biochemical foundation of the sex discrepancy in HFrEF.

Indexed as

Heart FailureVentricular Dysfunction, LeftFemaleHumansMalePrognosisQuality of LifeStroke VolumeFemaleGenderHeart failureMaleReduced ejection fractionSex

Identifiers

PMID34778933
PMCPMC8616864
OpenAlexW3211753536

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.