ArticleThe Lancet. Rheumatology2021
Outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with primary systemic vasculitis or polymyalgia rheumatica from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician registry: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in The Lancet. Rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The impact of immunocompromise on outcomes of COVID-19 in children and young people-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Changes in serious infection and mortality among patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time-series analysis of J-CANVAS.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- Differences in SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Persistence in Individuals With Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases Compared to the General Population: A RECOVER-Adult Cohort Study.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lupus nephritis patients with positive anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies.Journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- The mortality and acute complications of large vessel vasculitis patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the US: a nationwide inpatient sample analysis (2020).Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity and safety to SARS-Cov-2 vaccination in patients with systemic vasculitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 drives osteoclastogenesis in preexisting immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Insights into the paradoxical effect of smoking on vasculitis: a comprehensive review.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2024Article
- [The German COVID-19 rheumatism register].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2024Article
- COVID-19 infection, admission and death and the impact of corticosteroids among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease during the second wave of COVID-19 in England: results from the RECORDER Project.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Outcomes of COVID-19 in people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease in Ireland over the first 2 years of the pandemic.Irish journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Omicron variant infection in inflammatory rheumatological conditions - outcomes from a COVID-19 naive population in Aotearoa New Zealand.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- [Diagnosis and therapy of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis-2023: consensus of the Austrian society of nephrology (ÖGN) and Austrian society of rheumatology (ÖGR)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Article
- Managing Immunosuppression in Vasculitis Patients in Times of Coronavirus Disease 2019.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2023Review
- Long COVID in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.Rheumatology international · 2023Review
- COVID-19 Hospitalization Outcomes Among Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases in the United States.ACR open rheumatology · 2023Article
- Characteristics associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes in people with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis: data from the COVID-19 PsoProtect and Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registries.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Article
- Physicians' perceptions about antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: an online survey report in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
62 authors at 20 institutions in 16 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatients with primary systemic vasculitis or polymyalgia rheumatica might be at a high risk for poor COVID-19 outcomes due to the treatments used, the potential organ damage cause by primary systemic vasculitis, and the demographic factors associated with these conditions. We therefore aimed to investigate factors associated with COVID-19 outcomes in patients with primary systemic vasculitis or polymyalgia rheumatica.
methodsIn this retrospective cohort study, adult patients (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 12, 2020, and April 12, 2021, who had a history of primary systemic vasculitis (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody [ANCA]-associated vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, Behçet's syndrome, or other vasculitis) or polymyalgia rheumatica, and were reported to the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance registry were included. To assess COVID-19 outcomes in patients, we used an ordinal COVID-19 severity scale, defined as: (1) no hospitalisation; (2) hospitalisation without supplemental oxygen; (3) hospitalisation with any supplemental oxygen or ventilation; or (4) death. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs), adjusting for age, sex, time period, number of comorbidities, smoking status, obesity, glucocorticoid use, disease activity, region, and medication category. Analyses were also stratified by type of rheumatic disease.
findingsOf 1202 eligible patients identified in the registry, 733 (61·0%) were women and 469 (39·0%) were men, and their mean age was 63·8 years (SD 17·1). A total of 374 (31·1%) patients had polymyalgia rheumatica, 353 (29·4%) had ANCA-associated vasculitis, 183 (15·2%) had giant cell arteritis, 112 (9·3%) had Behçet's syndrome, and 180 (15·0%) had other vasculitis. Of 1020 (84·9%) patients with outcome data, 512 (50·2%) were not hospitalised, 114 (11·2%) were hospitalised and did not receive supplemental oxygen, 239 (23·4%) were hospitalised and received ventilation or supplemental oxygen, and 155 (15·2%) died. A higher odds of poor COVID-19 outcomes were observed in patients who were older (per each additional decade of life OR 1·44 [95% CI 1·31-1·57]), were male compared with female (1·38 [1·05-1·80]), had more comorbidities (per each additional comorbidity 1·39 [1·23-1·58]), were taking 10 mg/day or more of prednisolone compared with none (2·14 [1·50-3·04]), or had moderate, or high or severe disease activity compared with those who had disease remission or low disease activity (2·12 [1·49-3·02]). Risk factors varied among different disease subtypes.
interpretationAmong patients with primary systemic vasculitis and polymyalgia rheumatica, severe COVID-19 outcomes were associated with variable and largely unmodifiable risk factors, such as age, sex, and number of comorbidities, as well as treatments, including high-dose glucocorticoids. Our results could be used to inform mitigation strategies for patients with these diseases.
fundingAmerican College of Rheumatology and the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology.
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Registered trials
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