Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34778012›Full record

ArticlePublic health action2021

High multidrug resistance in urinary tract infections in a tertiary hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

S Shakya, J Edwards, H A Gupte, S Shrestha, B M Shakya, K Parajuli, H P Kattel, P S Shrestha, R Ghimire, P Thekkur

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health action, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Unraveling Biofilm-Forming Uropathogens: Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns at Nepal Police Hospital, Kathmandu.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Article
  10. Detection of plasmid-mediatedInfectious diseases & immunity · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

S ShakyaCentral Department of Public Health, Tribhuvan University, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J EdwardsDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
H A GupteNarotam Sekhsaria Foundation, Mumbai, India.
S ShresthaWorld Health Emergencies Programme, WHO Country Office, Kathmandu, Nepal.
B M ShakyaDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuvan University, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
K ParajuliDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
H P KattelDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
P S ShresthaDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuvan University, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
R GhimireDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuvan University, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
P ThekkurCentre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France.
Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital · NPHealis Sekhsaria Institute For Public Health · INTribhuvan University · NPUniversity of Washington · USWorld Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia · IN

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

settingTribhuvan University Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, May-October 2019.

objective1) To describe the bacteriological profile, 2) to identify the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern, and 3) to find the demographic characteristics associated with the presence of bacterial growth and multidrug resistance (MDR) in adult urine samples undergoing culture and drug susceptibility testing.

designThis was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study using routine laboratory records.

resultsAmong 11,776 urine samples, 16% (1,865/11,776) were culture-positive, predominantly caused by

conclusionUrine samples from a tertiary hospital showed high prevalence of

Indexed as

AMRbacteriological profiledrug susceptibilitypresumptive UTISORT IT

Identifiers

PMID34778012
PMCPMC8575380
OpenAlexW3213674365

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.