ReviewJournal of functional foods2021
The intestinal microbiota and improving the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccinations.
Review in Journal of functional foods, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of 16S rRNA microbial data identified alterations of the gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients during the acute and recovery phases.BMC microbiology · 2022Pooled it
- Improving Vaccine Response through Probiotics and Micronutrient Supplementation: Evaluating the Role of TLR5 in Adult Female BALB/c Mice.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Article
- Exploring the interaction and impact of probiotic and commensal bacteria on vitamins, minerals and short chain fatty acids metabolism.Microbial cell factories · 2024Review
- Dietary Inulin to Improve SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response in Kidney Transplant Recipients: The RIVASTIM-Inulin Randomised Controlled Trial.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Impact of the gut microbiome on immunological responses to COVID-19 vaccination in healthy controls and people living with HIV.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2023Article
- Article
- Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Alterations in the gut microbiome and its metabolites are associated with the immune response to mucosal immunization withFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Article
- The Connection between Gut and Lung Microbiota, Mast Cells, Platelets and SARS-CoV-2 in the Elderly Patient.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
- A Bacteriophage-Based, Highly Efficacious, Needle- and Adjuvant-Free, Mucosal COVID-19 Vaccine.mBio · 2022Article
- Crosstalk between gut microbiota and COVID-19 impacts pancreatic cancer progression.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2022Review
- Animal models for COVID-19: advances, gaps and perspectives.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- The Concept of Intrauterine Programming and the Development of the Neonatal Microbiome in the Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Re: "Cannabidiol for COVID-19 Patients with Mild to Moderate Symptoms (CANDIDATE Study): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial" by Crippa et al.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2022Article
- Probiotics and probiotic-based vaccines: A novel approach for improving vaccine efficacy.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Most COVID-19 cases are mild or asymptomatic and recover well, suggesting that effective immune responses ensue, which successfully eliminate SARS-CoV-2 viruses. However, a small proportion of patients develop severe COVID-19 with pathological immune responses. This indicates that a strong immune system balanced with anti-inflammatory mechanisms is critical for the recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infections. Many vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have now been developed for eliciting effective immune responses to protect from SARS-CoV-2 infections or reduce the severity of the disease if infected. Although uncommon, serious morbidity and mortality have resulted from both COVID-19 vaccine adverse reactions and lack of efficacy, and further improvement of efficacy and prevention of adverse effects are urgently warranted. Many factors could affect efficacy of these vaccines to achieve optimal immune responses. Dysregulation of the gut microbiota (gut dysbiosis) could be an important risk factor as the gut microbiota is associated with the development and maintenance of an effective immune system response. In this narrative review, we discuss the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, how COVID-19 vaccines elicit protective immune responses, gut dysbiosis involvement in inefficacy and adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines and the modulation of the gut microbiota by functional foods to improve COVID-19 vaccine immunisations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.