Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34777376›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

Complex Involvement of Interleukin-26 in Bacterial Lung Infection.

Karlhans F Che, Magnus Paulsson, Krzysztof Piersiala, Jakob Sax, Ibrahim Mboob, Mizanur Rahman, Rokeya S Rekha, Jesper Säfholm, Mikael Adner, Peter Bergman and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Multifaceted Roles of IL-26 in Physiological and Pathological Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Karlhans F CheUnit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Magnus PaulssonClinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Krzysztof PiersialaDivision of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jakob SaxUnit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ibrahim MboobUnit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mizanur RahmanUnit of Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Rokeya S RekhaDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jesper SäfholmInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mikael AdnerInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Peter BergmanDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lars-Olaf CardellDivision of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Kristian RiesbeckClinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Anders LindénUnit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska Institutet · SEKarolinska University Hospital · SELund University · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pneumonia is a global cause of mortality, and this provides a strong incentive to improve the mechanistic understanding of innate immune responses in the lungs. Here, we characterized the involvement of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-26 in bacterial lung infection. We observed markedly increased concentrations of IL-26 in lower airway samples from patients with bacterial pneumonia and these correlated with blood neutrophil concentrations. Moreover, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria increased extracellular IL-26 concentrations in conditioned media from human models of alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overCells, CulturedCytokinesFemaleHumansKlebsiella pneumoniaeLeukocyte ElastaseLungMacrophages, AlveolarMaleMiddle AgedNeutrophilsPeroxidasePneumonia, BacterialCytokinesLeukocyte ElastasePeroxidasebacterial killingbacteria pneumoniaIL-10 and Th17 cytokinesIL-26lung tissue analysis and transcriptionmacrophagesmyeloperoxidase and elastaseneutrophils

Identifiers

PMID34777376
PMCPMC8581676
OpenAlexW3209611548

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.