Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34777374›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

The Risk of Severe Infections Following Rituximab Administration in Patients With Autoimmune Kidney Diseases: Austrian ABCDE Registry Analysis.

Balazs Odler, Martin Windpessl, Marcell Krall, Maria Steiner, Regina Riedl, Carina Hebesberger, Martin Ursli, Emanuel Zitt, Karl Lhotta, Marlies Antlanger and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Long-Term Outcomes of Rituximab-Treated Adult Patients with Podocytopathies.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Balazs OdlerDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Martin WindpesslMedical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
Marcell KrallDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Maria SteinerDepartment of Internal Medicine IV, Section of Nephrology, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria.
Regina RiedlInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Carina HebesbergerDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Martin UrsliDepartment of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Nephrology and Hematooncology, St. Poelten, Austria.
Emanuel ZittDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 (Nephrology and Dialysis), Feldkirch Academic Teaching Hospital, Feldkirch, Austria.
Karl LhottaDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 (Nephrology and Dialysis), Feldkirch Academic Teaching Hospital, Feldkirch, Austria.
Marlies AntlangerDepartment of Internal Medicine 2, Kepler University Hospital and Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
Daniel CejkaDepartment of Medicine III-Nephrology, Hypertension, Transplantation, Rheumatology, Geriatrics, Ordensklinikum Linz-Elisabethinen Hospital, Linz, Austria.
Philipp GaucklerDepartment of Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Martin WiesholzerDepartment of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Nephrology and Hematooncology, St. Poelten, Austria.
Marcus SaemannDepartment of 6Internal Medicine with Nephrology and Dialysis with Outpatient Department, Clinic Ottakring, Vienna, Austria.
Alexander R RosenkranzDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Kathrin EllerDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Andreas KronbichlerDepartment of Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Medical University of Graz · ATInnsbruck Medical University · ATJohannes Kepler University of Linz · ATKarl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences · ATLandeskrankenhaus Feldkirch · ATKlinikum Wels-Grieskirchen · ATKrankenhaus der Elisabethinen · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To characterize the incidence, type, and risk factors of severe infections (SI) in patients with autoimmune kidney diseases treated with rituximab (RTX). Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of adult patients with immune-related kidney diseases treated with at least one course of RTX between 2015 and 2019. As a part of the ABCDE Registry, detailed data on RTX application and SI were collected. SI were defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0 as infectious complications grade 3 and above. Patients were dichotomized between "nephrotic" and "nephritic" indications. The primary outcome was the incidence of SI within 12 months after the first RTX application. Results: A total of 144 patients were included. Twenty-five patients (17.4%) presented with SI, mostly within the first 3 months after RTX administration. Most patients in the nephritic group had ANCA-associated vasculitis, while membranous nephropathy was the leading entity in the nephrotic group. Respiratory infections were the leading SI (n= 10, 40%), followed by urinary tract (n=3, 12%) and gastrointestinal infections (n=2, 8%). On multivariable analysis, body mass index (BMI, 24.6 kg/m Conclusions: After RTX administration, impaired kidney function and lower BMI are independent risk factors for SI. Patients with nephritic glomerular diseases having concomitant GC treatment might be at higher risk of developing SI.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAustriaAutoimmune DiseasesBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansImmunologic FactorsIncidenceInfectionsKaplan-Meier EstimateKidney DiseasesMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsImmunologic FactorsRituximabglomerular diseaseinfectionslupusnephriticnephroticrituximabvasculitis

Identifiers

PMID34777374
PMCPMC8586204
OpenAlexW3208005853

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.