Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34775971›Full record

ArticleCritical care (London, England)2021

Early prediction of hemodynamic interventions in the intensive care unit using machine learning.

Asif Rahman, Yale Chang, Junzi Dong, Bryan Conroy, Annamalai Natarajan, Takahiro Kinoshita, Francesco Vicario, Joseph Frassica, Minnan Xu-Wilson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Critical care (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. [Research progress in artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and management of diseases in preterm infants].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026
    Review
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  5. Temporal Analysis of Diastolic Shock Index in Patients with Septic Shock and Its Correlation with Clinical Outcomes in an Indian Setting: A Prospective Observational Study.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Tele-Intensive Care Unit-associated Early Recognition of In-hospital Hemodynamic Events and Clinical Outcomes: A Multicenter Observational Study.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Machine learning: a new era for cardiovascular pregnancy physiology and cardio-obstetrics research.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Machine Learning and Antibiotic Management.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Asif RahmanPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA. asif.rahman@philips.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1377-8949
Yale ChangPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Junzi DongPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Bryan ConroyPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Annamalai NatarajanPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Takahiro KinoshitaPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Francesco VicarioPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Joseph FrassicaPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Minnan Xu-WilsonPhilips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Philips (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTimely recognition of hemodynamic instability in critically ill patients enables increased vigilance and early treatment opportunities. We develop the Hemodynamic Stability Index (HSI), which highlights situational awareness of possible hemodynamic instability occurring at the bedside and to prompt assessment for potential hemodynamic interventions.

methodsWe used an ensemble of decision trees to obtain a real-time risk score that predicts the initiation of hemodynamic interventions an hour into the future. We developed the model using the eICU Research Institute (eRI) database, based on adult ICU admissions from 2012 to 2016. A total of 208,375 ICU stays met the inclusion criteria, with 32,896 patients (prevalence = 18%) experiencing at least one instability event where they received one of the interventions during their stay. Predictors included vital signs, laboratory measurements, and ventilation settings.

resultsHSI showed significantly better performance compared to single parameters like systolic blood pressure and shock index (heart rate/systolic blood pressure) and showed good generalization across patient subgroups. HSI AUC was 0.82 and predicted 52% of all hemodynamic interventions with a lead time of 1-h with a specificity of 92%. In addition to predicting future hemodynamic interventions, our model provides confidence intervals and a ranked list of clinical features that contribute to each prediction. Importantly, HSI can use a sparse set of physiologic variables and abstains from making a prediction when the confidence is below an acceptable threshold.

conclusionsThe HSI algorithm provides a single score that summarizes hemodynamic status in real time using multiple physiologic parameters in patient monitors and electronic medical records (EMR). Importantly, HSI is designed for real-world deployment, demonstrating generalizability, strong performance under different data availability conditions, and providing model explanation in the form of feature importance and prediction confidence.

Indexed as

Critical CareHemodynamicsMachine LearningHumansIntensive Care UnitsPredictive Value of TestsClinical decision supportHemodynamicsMachine learningVasoactive therapy

Identifiers

PMID34775971
PMCPMC8590869
OpenAlexW3213357415

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.