Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34775158›Full record

ArticleVision research2022

The Functional Visual Field(s) in simple visual search.

Chia-Chien Wu, Jeremy M Wolfe

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vision research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Errors in visual search: How can we reduce them?Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. In simple but challenging search tasks, most errors are stochastic.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Normal blindness: when we Look But Fail To See.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2022
    Review
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Chia-Chien WuHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: cchienwu@gmail.com.
Jeremy M WolfeHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

Prevalence effects in visual search: Theoretical and practical implicationsR01EY017001 · NEI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI Jeremy M Wolfe · 2007 to 2026
$8.2M
Improving Perception in Digital Breast TomographyR01CA207490 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI WOLFE, JEREMY M · 2016 to 2025
$4.6M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA207490NEI NIH HHS R01 EY017001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

During a visual search for a target among distractors, observers do not fixate every location in the search array. Rather processing is thought to occur within a Functional Visual Field (FVF) surrounding each fixation. We argue that there are three questions that can be asked at each fixation and that these imply three different senses of the FVF. 1) Can I identify what is at location XY? This defines a resolution FVF. 2) To what shall I attend during this fixation? This defines an Attentional FVF. 3) Where should I fixate next? This defines an Exploratory FVF. We examine FVFs 2&3 using eye movements in visual search. In three Experiments, we collected eye movements during visual search for the target letter T among distractor letter Ls (Exps 1 and 3) or for a color X orientation conjunction (Exp 2). Saccades that do not go to the target can be used to define the Exploratory FVF. The saccade that goes to the target can be used to define the Attentional FVF since the target was probably covertly detected during the prior fixation. The Exploratory FVF is larger than the Attentional FVF for all three experiments. Interestingly, the probability that the next saccade would go to the target was always well below 1.0, even when the current fixation was close to the target and well within any reasonable estimate of the FVF. Measuring search-based Exploratory and Attentional FVFs sheds light on how we can miss clearly visible targets.

Indexed as

SaccadesVisual FieldsAttentionEye MovementsFixation, OcularHumansVisual PerceptionAttentionEye movementsFunctional visual fieldVisual search

Identifiers

PMID34775158
PMCPMC8976560

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.