Trial reportJournal of lipid research2022
LDL-C calculated by Friedewald, Martin-Hopkins, or NIH equation 2 versus beta-quantification: pooled alirocumab trials.
Trial report in Journal of lipid research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evinacumab Reduces Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Patients with Hyperlipidemia: A Post-Hoc Analysis of Three Randomized Clinical Trials.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2025Trial
- Review
- Cardiovascular risk burden and guideline-recommended lipid and blood pressure goals in an Italian Cohort: findings from the HUMTELEMED web-based platform.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Pediatric Hypertriglyceridemia: Lipoprotein Metabolism, Etiology, and Management.Current pediatrics reports · 2025Article
- Medication-Stratified Analysis of LDL-C Equation Miscalibration in Diabetes: Evidence from the All of Us Research Program and a Medication-Agnostic Machine-Learning Correction.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Advances in targeting LDL cholesterol: PCSK9 inhibitors and beyond.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
- The clinical impact of estimating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) using different equations in the general population.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- An improved method for estimating low LDL-C based on the enhanced Sampson-NIH equation.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Attainment of LDL-Cholesterol Goals in Patients with Previous Myocardial Infarction: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Analysis.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Article
- Assessing the Practical Differences in LDL-C Estimates Calculated by Friedewald, Martin/Hopkins, or NIH Equation 2: An Observation Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2023Article
- Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism: Key Regulators of Their Flux.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Quo vadis, LDL cholesterol?Advances in laboratory medicine · 2023Article
- Concordance of LDL-C Estimating Equations with Direct Enzymatic Measurement in Diabetic and Prediabetic Subjects.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Impact of Low-Density Lipoprotein Equation Changes on Cholesterol Treatment in Canada.CJC open · 2023Article
- Accuracy and Clinical Impact of Estimating Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol at High and Low Levels by Different Equations.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Comparison of Estimated LDL Cholesterol Equations with Direct Measurement in Patients with Angiographically Confirmed Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Article
- Lipoprotein Assessment in the twenty-first Century.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Directly Measured vs. Calculated Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Does Not Identify Additional Individuals With Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes at Higher Risk of Adverse Events: Insight From a Large Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Cohort in Asia.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Accurate assessment of LDL-C levels is important, as they are often used for treatment recommendations. For many years, plasma LDL-C levels were calculated using the Friedewald equation, but there are limitations to this method compared with direct measurement via beta-quantification (BQ). Here, we assessed differences between the Friedewald, Martin-Hopkins, and NIH equation 2 methods of calculating LDL-C and the "gold standard" BQ method using pooled phase 3 data with alirocumab. All randomized patients were included irrespective of the treatment arm (n = 6,122). We compared pairs of LDL-C values (n = 17,077) determined by each equation and BQ. We found that BQ-derived LDL-C values ranged from 1 to 397 mg/dl (mean 90.68 mg/dl). There were strong correlations between Friedewald-calculated, Martin-Hopkins-calculated, and NIH equation 2-calculated LDL-C with BQ-determined LDL-C values (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.985, 0.981, and 0.985, respectively). Importantly, for BQ-derived LDL-C values ≥70 mg/dl, only 3.2%, 1.4%, and 1.8% of Friedewald-calculated, Martin-Hopkins-calculated, and NIH equation 2-calculated values were <70 mg/dl, respectively. When triglyceride (TG) levels were <150 mg/dl, differences between calculated and BQ-derived LDL-C values were minimal, regardless of the LDL-C level (<40, <55, or <70 mg/dl). However, when TG levels were >150 mg/dl, NIH equation 2 provided greater accuracy than Friedewald or Martin-Hopkins. When TGs were >250 mg/dl, inaccuracies were seen with all three methods, although NIH equation 2 remained the most accurate. In conclusion, LDL-C calculated by any of the three methods can guide treatment decisions for most patients, including those treated with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.