Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34774085›Full record

SynthesisJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2021

Global prevalence of osteoporosis among the world older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nader Salari, Niloofar Darvishi, Yalda Bartina, Mojdeh Larti, Aliakbar Kiaei, Mahvan Hemmati, Shamarina Shohaimi, Masoud Mohammadi

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 257 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
257citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
41.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

257 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 412 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Effects of combined protein and exercise interventions on bone health in middle-aged and older adults - A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
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  9. New evidence on the controversy over the correlation between vertebral osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration: a systematic review of relevant animal studies.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024
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  20. Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in China: A Cross-Sectional Study of 2533 Participants.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Article

197 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Nader SalariDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Niloofar DarvishiStudent research committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Yalda BartinaDepartment of Translation Studies, Faculty of Literature, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Mojdeh LartiStudent research committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Aliakbar KiaeiDepartment of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Mahvan HemmatiStudent research committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Shamarina ShohaimiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Masoud MohammadiDepartment of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Masoud.mohammadi1989@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5722-8300
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences · IRIstanbul University · TRSharif University of Technology · IRUniversiti Putra Malaysia · MY

Funding

Deputy for Research and Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 4000302
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOsteoporosis is one of the most common bone system diseases that is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and causes many complications for patients. With age, the prevalence of this disease increases so that it has become a serious problem among the elders. In this study, the prevalence of osteoporosis among elders around the world is examined to gain an understanding of its prevalence pattern.

methodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles that have focused on prevalence of osteoporosis in the world's elders were searched with these key words, such as Prevalence, Osteoporosis, Elders, Older adult in the Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) databases and Google Scholar search engine, and extracted without time limit until March 2020 and transferred to information management software (EndNote). Then, duplicate studies were eliminated and the remaining studies were evaluated in terms of screening, competence and qualitative evaluation based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2) and Begg and Mazumdar test was used to check the publication bias and I

resultsIn a review of 40 studies (31 studies related to Asia, 5 studies related to Europe and 4 studies related to America) with a total sample size of 79,127 people, the prevalence of osteoporosis in the elders of the world; 21.7% (95% confidence interval: 18.8-25%) and the overall prevalence of osteoporosis in older men and women in the world, 35.3% (95% confidence interval: 27.9-43.4%), 12.5% (95% confidence interval: 9.3-16.7%) was reported. Also, the highest prevalence of osteoporosis in the elders was reported in Asia with; 24.3% (95% confidence interval: 20.9-28.1%).

conclusionThe results of the present study showed that the prevalence of osteoporosis in the elders and especially elders' women is very high. Osteoporosis was once thought to be an inseparable part of elders' lives. Nowadays, Osteoporosis can be prevented due to significant scientific advances in its causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Regarding the growing number of elderly people in the world, it is necessary for health policy-makers to think of measures to prevent and treat osteoporosis among the elders.

Indexed as

OsteoporosisAgedEuropeFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceEldersMeta-analysisOsteoporosisPrevalenceSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID34774085
PMCPMC8590304
OpenAlexW3214230936

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.