ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2022
The effect of hormone replacement therapy on the survival of UK women: a retrospective cohort study 1984-2017.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer model with moving extinction threshold reproduces real cancer data.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Article
- QbD-Driven preparation, characterization, and pharmacokinetic investigation of daidzein-l oaded nano-cargos of hydroxyapatite.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of Hormonal Replacement Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Climacteric Symptoms Following Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A double-Cox model for non-proportional hazards survival analysis with frailty.Statistics in medicine · 2023Article
- Understanding human aging and the fundamental cell signaling link in age-related diseases: the middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis.Frontiers in aging · 2023Article
- The effect of hormone replacement therapy on the survival of UK women: a retrospective cohort study 1984-2017.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the effect of estrogen-only and combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the hazards of overall and age-specific all-cause mortality in healthy women aged 46-65 at first prescription.
designMatched cohort study.
settingElectronic primary care records from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database, UK (1984-2017). POPULATION: 105 199 HRT users (cases) and 224 643 non-users (controls) matched on age and general practice.
methodsWeibull-Double-Cox regression models adjusted for age at first treatment, birth cohort, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and hypertension treatment, coronary heart disease, oophorectomy, hysterectomy, body mass index, smoking and deprivation status.
main outcome measuresAll-cause mortality.
resultsA total of 21 751 women died over an average of 13.5 years follow-up per participant, of whom 6329 were users and 15 422 non-users. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of overall all-cause mortality in combined HRT users was 0.91 (95% CI 0.88-0.94), and in estrogen-only users was 0.99 (0.93-1.07), compared with non-users. Age-specific adjusted HRs for participants aged 46-50, 51-55, 56-60 and 61-65 years at first treatment were 0.98 (0.92-1.04), 0.87 (0.82-0.92), 0.88 (0.82-0.93) and 0.92 (0.85-0.98) for combined HRT users compared with non-users, and 1.01 (0.84-1.21), 1.03 (0.89-1.18), 0.98 (0.86-1.12) and 0.93 (0.81-1.07) for estrogen-only users, respectively.
conclusionsCombined HRT was associated with a 9% lower risk of all-cause mortality and estrogen-only formulation was not associated with any significant changes. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Estrogen-only HRT is not associated with all-cause mortality and combined HRT reduces the risks.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.