Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34772786›Full record

ReviewRNA (New York, N.Y.)2022

What are the distinguishing features and size requirements of biomolecular condensates and their implications for RNA-containing condensates?

Julie D Forman-Kay, Jonathon A Ditlev, Michael L Nosella, Hyun O Lee

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in RNA (New York, N.Y.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Phase separation induced by active polymerization makes protocells robust against environmental changes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Oligomerization of PER2 as a dynamic mode of regulation of the mammalian circadian clock.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Allostery in Biomolecular Condensates.Journal of molecular biology · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Julie D Forman-KayMolecular Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8265-972X
Jonathon A DitlevMolecular Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8287-7700
Michael L NosellaMolecular Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-2408-3050
Hyun O LeeDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0102-4795
University of Toronto · CA

Funding

CIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exciting recent work has highlighted that numerous cellular compartments lack encapsulating lipid bilayers (often called "membraneless organelles"), and that their structure and function are central to the regulation of key biological processes, including transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and more. These structures have been described as "biomolecular condensates" to underscore that biomolecules can be significantly concentrated in them. Many condensates, including RNA granules and processing bodies, are enriched in proteins and nucleic acids. Biomolecular condensates exhibit a range of material states from liquid- to gel-like, with the physical process of liquid-liquid phase separation implicated in driving or contributing to their formation. To date, in vitro studies of phase separation have provided mechanistic insights into the formation and function of condensates. However, the link between the often micron-sized in vitro condensates with nanometer-sized cellular correlates has not been well established. Consequently, questions have arisen as to whether cellular structures below the optical resolution limit can be considered biomolecular condensates. Similarly, the distinction between condensates and discrete dynamic hub complexes is debated. Here we discuss the key features that define biomolecular condensates to help understand behaviors of structures containing and generating RNA.

Indexed as

Biomolecular CondensatesEukaryotic CellsMacromolecular SubstancesProcessing BodiesProtein BiosynthesisRibonucleoproteinsRNARNA-Binding ProteinsRNA SplicingStress GranulesTerminology as TopicTranscription, GeneticMacromolecular SubstancesRibonucleoproteinsRNARNA-Binding Proteinsdynamic hubphase separationribonucleoprotein particlesimulation

Identifiers

PMID34772786
PMCPMC8675286
OpenAlexW3212646764

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.