ArticleCancers2021
The Immune Landscape of Colorectal Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heating the Cold: Overcoming Immunotherapy Resistance in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Association of objectively assessed physical activity with immune cell infiltration of the tumor microenvironment in non-metastatic colon cancer.International journal of colorectal disease · 2026Observational
- Immune-microbiota crosstalk in colorectal cancer: mechanistic pathways, biomarkers, and translational therapeutics.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer: immunomodulation, diagnostics, and therapeutic perspectives.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Molecular and regional characterization of colorectal polyps: insights from proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and immune profiling.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Macrophages in Colorectal Cancer: from Normal Mucosa to Distant Metastasis: Beyond the M1/M2 Paradigm.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- Analysis of Immune Cell Infiltration Distribution and Prognostic Value in Obstructive Colorectal Cancer.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Identification and validation of a CD4BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Radioresistance in rectal cancer: can nanoparticles turn the tide?Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages in colon cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, natural product interventions, and microenvironment remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Predictive value of the systemic inflammation grade for overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery: outperforming NLR and mGPS.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Targeting G-quadruplex by TMPyP4 for inhibition of colorectal cancer through cell cycle arrest and boosting anti-tumor immunity.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Effects of postoperative treatment with chemotherapy and cellular immunotherapy on patients with colorectal cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2024Article
- Review
- Tumor Cell Communications as Promising Supramolecular Targets for Cancer Chemotherapy: A Possible Strategy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Multifaceted Functionality of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Potential Therapeutic Target?Cancers · 2024Review
- Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2024Review
- Opposing roles by KRAS and BRAF mutation on immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer - possible implications for immunotherapy.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Accounting for intensity variation in image analysis of large-scale multiplexed clinical trial datasets.The journal of pathology. Clinical research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
While the clinical importance of CD8+ and CD3+ cells in colorectal cancer (CRC) is well established, the impact of other immune cell subsets is less well described. We sought to provide a detailed overview of the immune landscape of CRC in the largest study to date in terms of patient numbers and in situ analyzed immune cell types. Tissue microarrays from 536 patients were stained using multiplexed immunofluorescence panels, and fifteen immune cell subclasses, representing adaptive and innate immunity, were analyzed. Overall, therapy-naïve CRC patients clustered into an 'inflamed' and a 'desert' group. Most T cell subsets and M2 macrophages were enriched in the right colon (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.