ArticleCancers2021
Gram-Negative Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation in Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidental Bystander or Essential Culprit: A Systematic Review of Bacterial Significance in the Pathogenesis of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical recommendations for diagnosis and treatment according to current updated knowledge on BIA-ALCL.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022Guideline
- Article
- A Bibliometric Analysis of the Most Influential and Impactful Plastic Surgery Publications From Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2026Article
- Locoregional Breast Cancer Recurrences After Ablatio Mammae and Primary Reconstruction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Silicone breast implant-associated pathologies and T cell-mediated responses.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- BIA-ALCL and BIA-SCC: Updates on Clinical Features and Genetic Mutations for Latest Recommendations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Breast implant surface topography triggers a chronic-like inflammatory response.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- The Role of Microorganisms in the Development of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- High-Throughput Biofilm Assay to Investigate Bacterial Interactions with Surface Topographies.ACS applied bio materials · 2022Article
- Primary Lymphomas of the Breast: A Review.JPRAS open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a distinct malignancy associated with textured breast implants. We investigated whether bacteria could trigger the activation and multiplication of BIA-ALCL cells in vitro. BIA-ALCL patient-derived BIA-ALCL tumor cells, BIA-ALCL cell lines, cutaneous ALCL cell lines, an immortal T-cell line (MT-4), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from BIA-ALCL, capsular contracture, and primary augmentation patients were studied. Cells were subjected to various mitogenic stimulation assays including plant phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Staphylococcal superantigens enterotoxin A (SEA), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), or sterilized implant shells. Patient-derived BIA-ALCL tumor cells and BIA-ALCL cell lines showed a unique response to LPS stimulation. This response was dampened significantly in the presence of a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor peptide. In contrast, cutaneous ALCL cells, MT-4, and PBMC cells from all patients responded significantly more to PHA, SEA, and TSST-1 than to LPS. Breast implant shells of all surface grades alone did not produce a proliferative response of BIA-ALCL cells, indicating the breast implant does not act as a pro-inflammatory stimulant. These findings indicate a possible novel pathway for LPS to promote BIA-ALCL cell proliferation via a TLR4 receptor-mediated bacterial transformation of T-cells into malignancy.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.