Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34771279›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Physical Properties of Shellac Material Used for Hot Melt Extrusion with Potential Application in the Pharmaceutical Industry.

Guangming Yan, Zhi Cao, Declan Devine, Manfred Penning, Noel M Gately

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Characterization ofInsects · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Guangming YanMaterials Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-2765-682X
Zhi CaoMaterials Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland.
Declan DevineMaterials Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-1364-5583
Manfred PenningShellac Consultant, Wormser Strasse 28, D-55277 Oppenheim, Germany.
Noel M GatelyMaterials Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-2610-2975

Funding

Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland, Presidents Seed Fund. P221-366Irish Research Council GOIPG/2018/2067
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hot melt extrusion offers an efficient way of increasing the solubility of a poorly soluble drug. Shellac has potential as a pharmaceutical matrix polymer that can be used in this extrusion process, with further advantages for use in enteric drug delivery systems. The rheological property of a material affects the extrusion process conditions. However, the literature does not refer to any published work that investigates the processability of various shellac materials. This work explores various types of shellac and explores their physicochemical and thermal properties along with their processability in the hot melt extrusion application. Physicochemical characterization of the materials was achieved using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Additional processability characterization was achieved using melt flow index and rheology analysis. The results indicated that there was no chemical difference between the various shellac types compared in this study. However, the extrudable temperature ranges and rheological properties of different shellac types varied; SSB 55 Pharma FL had the lowest processing temperature and glass transition temperatures. Due to the shear-thinning behaviours, shellac can be extruded at lower temperatures. This study provides necessary data to determine the processing conditions in hot melt extrusion applications for the range of shellac materials.

Indexed as

DSChot melt extrusionprocessabilityrheologyshellacsolubility enhancement

Identifiers

PMID34771279
PMCPMC8587309

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.