ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Harmine Hydrochloride Mediates the Induction of G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating the MAPKs and AKT/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harmine Hydrochloride fromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- FOXO3 regulated granulosa cells apoptosis and AKT1 phosphorylation in Muscovy duck follicles (Cairina moschata).Poultry science · 2026Article
- Harmine Derivatives as Anticancer Agents Endowed With Potent and Selective Antileukemia Activity: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Proapoptotic and Genotoxic Activity.Archiv der Pharmazie · 2026Article
- Harmine suppresses the malignant phenotypes of Lewis lung carcinoma cells by inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma: from metabolism to targeted therapies.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- [Role and mechanisms of FoxO3a-related signaling pathways in breast cancer cell apoptosis].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Harmine hydrochloride induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous carcinoma cells.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Article
- FOXO3a-interacting proteins' involvement in cancer: a review.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Potential of CDC25 phosphatases in cancer research and treatment: key to precision medicine.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Role and regulation of FOXO3a: new insights into breast cancer therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Harmine Hydrochloride Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in SK-Hep1 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Regulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and the PI3K/AKT Pathway.Preventive nutrition and food science · 2023Article
- Harmine loaded Au@MSNs@PEG@Asp6 nano-composites for treatment of spinal metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma by targeting ANXA9Translational lung cancer research · 2023Article
- Isoxazole/Isoxazoline Skeleton in the Structural Modification of Natural Products: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Impact of Oxidative Stress and AKT Pathway on Cancer Cell Functions and Its Application to Natural Products.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Harmicens, Novel Harmine and Ferrocene Hybrids: Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Gallic acid suppresses the progression of triple-negative breast cancer HCC1806 cellsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common causes of death among women worldwide. Recently, interest in novel approaches for BC has increased by developing new drugs derived from natural products with reduced side effects. This study aimed to treat BC cells with harmine hydrochloride (HMH) to identify its anticancer effects and mechanisms. HMH treatment suppressed cell growth, migration, invasion, and colony formation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, regardless of the hormone signaling. It also reduced the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR and increased FOXO3a expression. Additionally, HMH treatment increased p38 phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells and activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner, where activated p38 and JNK increased FOXO3a expression. Activated FOXO3a increased the expression of p53, p21, and their downstream proteins, including p-cdc25, p-cdc2, and cyclin B1, to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, HMH inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway by significantly reducing p-AKT expression in combination with LY294002, an AKT inhibitor. These results indicate that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathways mediate the induction of cell cycle arrest following HMH treatment. Therefore, HMH could be a potential active compound for anticancer bioactivity in BC cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.