Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34769761›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Relationship of the Use of Short Footwear with the Development of Hallux Valgus in a Sample of Andalusian Schoolchildren.

María Luisa González-Elena, Aurora Castro-Méndez, Manuel Coheña-Jiménez, Antonio Córdoba-Fernández

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Effect of School Backpack Weight on Shape of Children's Feet.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Article
  3. Factors Related to the Etiology of Hallux Abducto Valgus: A Systematic Review.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. [The influence of footwear on the human gait].Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Association of Hallux Valgus with Degenerative Spinal Diseases: A Population-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

María Luisa González-ElenaDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.
Aurora Castro-MéndezDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1229-0802
Manuel Coheña-JiménezDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5714-6594
Antonio Córdoba-FernándezDepartment of Podiatry, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2869-9322
Universidad de Sevilla · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeveral studies have shown the relationship between poor footwear fit and the risk of feet deformities. The available evidence seems to show that the development of hallux valgus deformity in the feet of schoolchildren may be related to the use of shoes that are poorly fitting in length. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the relationship between poor footwear fit in length and risk of developing hallux valgus.

methodsUsing an instrument that was designed and calibrated for this purpose, maximum foot length was obtained and compared to the inner length of the shoe in 187 schoolchildren. Hallux valgus angle (HVA) was measured on weight-bearing podogram image obtained from the longest foot in 188 schoolchildren.

resultsBy default, the footwear was poorly fitting in length (too short or close-fitting) in 38.5% of the schoolchildren, with boys having the worst footwear fit; though no significant differences stood out. (

conclusionsInadequate footwear fit in length may be a predisposing extrinsic risk factor for the development of hallux valgus in schoolchildren of both sexes. Results of the present study demonstrate the need to adapt the sizes of footwear to the rapid increase in foot-length that occur at puberty to avoid the risk of developing hallux valgus, especially at the ages of onset pubertal foot growth.

Indexed as

Hallux ValgusChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFootHumansMaleRisk FactorsShoesfeet deformitiesfootwear fitfunctional length excesshallux valgusindoor shoesschoolchildren

Identifiers

PMID34769761
PMCPMC8583135
OpenAlexW3211139105

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.