ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 39 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effectiveness of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Exercise With Virtual Reality Motion Capture Gaming System and Concurrent Feedback on Early Shoulder Muscle Activation in Healthy Individuals
Effectiveness of an Intervention Programme Using Alternative Sports for the Recovery of Motor Learning and the Improvement of Physical and Mental Health in Primary School Students.
Testing the Effects of Music on Short-Term Changes in Affective Valence, Arousal, and RPE, Long Term Changes in Enjoyment, Motivation, and Commitment to Physical Activity, and Step Counts in Children
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Enjoyment of Physical Activity Scale-8 (PACES-8) in Geriatric Individuals With Minimal Cognitive Impairment
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed.
- Community-Based High-Intensity Multimodal Training: A Mixed-Method Evaluation of a Randomised Control Trial.European journal of sport science · 2026Trial
- Effects of 6-Week Motor-Cognitive Agility Training on Football Test Performance in Adult Amateur Players - A Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2024Trial
- Physical activity enjoyment as a mediator between weight status and physical activity in children and adolescents: results of the MoMo 2.0-Study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Menstrual Cycle Phase Does Not Influence Training-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy or Strength: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
- The FOOTLOOSE App: Evaluation of a Gamified App-Based Exercise Intervention for Children and Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease-A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Beyond Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness: A Comprehensive Scale for Basic Psychological Needs and Novelty in Exercise.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Buffering the effects of work stress on anxiety and depression: a moderated mediation model of physical activity enjoyment and sleep disturbance in China.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Feasibility of a school-based peer-led high-intensity interval training intervention: the Young Fitness Leaders project.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of a school-based intervention using alternative sports to improve physical and motor skills in elementary school students (RENUÉVATE Project): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Differential Effects of Individually Adapted Challenge-Oriented Heidelberg Ballschule Activities Versus Static Version on Motor Competence and Affective Engagement in 9-11-Year-Old Female Children.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Joy to the Rehabilitation World: A Call to Incorporate Enjoyment Into Clinical Practice.Journal of patient-centered research and reviews · 2026Article
- Exercise enjoyment and school sports: PE, general activity, and sports club participation.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Smart exercise in pediatric oncology: enhancing executive functions through cognitively challenging physical activity- a non-randomized controlled trial.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- The Impact of Physical Props and Physics-Associated Visual Feedback on VR Archery Performance.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Community-Engaged Approach to Increase Physical Activity Among Black Individuals With Colorectal Cancer: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of the Physical Activity Centers Empowerment Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Examining the role of anticipated enjoyment and intention in predicting attendance in exercise classes.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Design and baseline characteristics of an implementation study to increase activity with social incentives: The STEP together trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- The Impact of a Multidimensional Physical Activity Intervention on Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: A Preliminary Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe purposes of this paper were to (a) develop a new short, theory-driven, version of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES-S) using content analysis; and (b) subsequently to measure the psychometric properties (construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity) of the PACES-S for adolescents.
methodsSix experts used a four-point Likert scale to assess the content validity of each of the 16 items of the physical activity enjoyment scale according to a provided definition of physical activity enjoyment. Based on the results, exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze survey data from a longitudinal study of 182 individuals (Measure 1 of Study 1: 15.75 ± 3.39 yrs; 56.6% boys, 43.4% girls), and confirmatory factor analysis (Measure 2 of Study 1: 15.69 ± 3.44 yrs; 56.3% boys, 43.7% girls) was used to analyze the survey data from a cross-sectional study of 3219 individuals (Study 2; 15.99 ± 3.10 yrs; 47.8% boys, 52.2% girls) to assess the construct validity of the new measure. To assess the reliability, test-retest reliability was assessed in Study 1 and internal consistency in Study 1 and 2. For the concurrent validity, correlations with self-reported and device-based physical activity behavior were assessed in both studies.
resultsFour out of sixteen items were selected for PACES-S. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analyses identified and supported its factorial validity (χ
conclusionsThe results indicate that PACES-S is a reliable and valid instrument that may be particularly useful to measure physical activity enjoyment in large-scale studies. It shows comparable measurement properties as the long version of PACES.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.