Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34769549›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review.

Phi-Yen Nguyen, Thomas Astell-Burt, Hania Rahimi-Ardabili, Xiaoqi Feng

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
95citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

95 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Urban Green Space and Subjective Well-Being of Older People: A Systematic Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Do Greener Urban Streets Provide Better Emotional Experiences? An Experimental Study on Chinese Tourists.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Trial
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Urban greenspace and dementia: Measures, mechanisms, and methodological guidance.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Phi-Yen NguyenSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0476-3385
Thomas Astell-BurtPopulation Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Hania Rahimi-ArdabiliSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3555-9416
Xiaoqi FengSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

(1) Background: As cities densify, researcher and policy focus is intensifying on which green space types and qualities are important for health. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether particular green space types and qualities have been shown to provide health benefits and if so, which specific types and qualities, and which health outcomes. (2) Methods: We searched five databases from inception up to June 30, 2021. We included all studies examining a wide range of green space characteristics on various health outcomes. (3) Results: 68 articles from 59 studies were found, with a high degree of heterogeneity in study designs, definitions of quality and outcomes. Most studies were cross-sectional, ecological or cohort studies. Environment types, vegetation types, and the size and connectivity of green spaces were associated with improved health outcomes, though with contingencies by age and gender. Health benefits were more consistently observed in areas with greater tree canopy, but not grassland. The main outcomes with evidence of health benefits included allergic respiratory conditions, cardiovascular conditions and psychological wellbeing. Both objectively and subjectively measured qualities demonstrated associations with health outcomes. (4) Conclusion: Experimental studies and longitudinal cohort studies will strengthen current evidence. Evidence was lacking for needs-specific or culturally-appropriate amenities and soundscape characteristics. Qualities that need more in-depth investigation include indices that account for forms, patterns, and networks of objectively and subjectively measured green space qualities.

Indexed as

Parks, RecreationalCitiesCohort StudiesHumansLongitudinal Studiesbuilt environmentcardiovascular diseasesenvironmental typesgreen space qualitiesmental healthparksphysical healthquality of liferespiratory diseasesstreetscape greenery

Identifiers

PMID34769549
PMCPMC8582763

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.