ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Toxicity Assessment of Long-Term Exposure to Non-Thermal Plasma Activated Water in Mice.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nebulized inhalation of plasma-activated water in the treatment of progressive moderate COVID-19 patients with antiviral treatment failure: a randomized controlled pilot trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- A New Frontier in Food Safety: Cold Plasma Strategies for Effective Control of Fungi and Mycotoxins.Toxins · 2026Review
- Pressurized intraperitoneal cold atmospheric plasma as a novel therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastatic carcinoma.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Therapeutic effects of cold plasma-activated water on MCF7 breast cancer tumors in a mouse model.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Effect of plasma-activated water against E. coli and S. aureus: Influence of organic matter and impact on skin cell viability.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Antitumor effects of plasma‑activated solution on a murine melanoma modelOncology letters · 2025Article
- Comprehensive safety assessment and therapeutic potential of Pediococcus acidilactici NMCC-B in attenuating arthritis progression.PloS one · 2025Article
- Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma May Prevent Oral Mucositis-Related Candidemia in Chemotherapy-Treated Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Plasma activated water effects on behavior, performance, carcass quality, biochemical changes, and histopathological alterations in quail.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- An omics approach to delineating the molecular mechanisms that underlie the biological effects of physical plasma.Biophysics reviews · 2023Review
- Effect of the pH on the Antibacterial Potential and Cytotoxicity of Different Plasma-Activated Liquids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Preclinical Cold Atmospheric Plasma Cancer Treatment.Cancers · 2022Review
- Comparison of the Effect of Plasma-Activated Water and Artificially Prepared Plasma-Activated Water on Wheat Grain Properties.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Applications of Plasma-Activated Water in Dentistry: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Effects of Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Solid Tumor.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma activated water (PAW) has recently emerged as a powerful antimicrobial agent. Despite numerous potential bio-medical applications, studies concerning toxicity in live animals, especially after long-term exposure, are scarce. Our study aimed to assess the effects of long-term watering with PAW on the health of CD1 mice. PAW was prepared from distilled water with a GlidArc reactor according to a previously published protocol. The pH was 2.78. The mice received PAW (experimental group) or tap water (control group) daily for 90 days as the sole water source. After 90 days, the following investigations were performed on the euthanatized animals: gross necropsy, teeth mineral composition, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, hematology, blood biochemistry, methemoglobin level and cytokine profile. Mice tolerated PAW very well and no adverse effects were observed during the entire period of the experiment. Histopathological examination of the organs and tissues did not reveal any structural changes. Moreover, the expression of proliferation markers PCNA and Ki67 has not been identified in the epithelium of the upper digestive tract, indicating the absence of any pre- or neoplastic transformations. The results of our study demonstrated that long-term exposure to PAW caused no toxic effects and could be used as oral antiseptic solution in dental medicine.
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Registered trials
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