ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Heparin and Arginine Based Plasmin Nanoformulation for Ischemic Stroke Therapy.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Ischemic Stroke Through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Machine Learning.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between the plasminogen/plasmin system and inflammation resolution.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2023Review
- Integrative Approaches in Acute Ischemic Stroke: From Symptom Recognition to Future Innovations.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Exosome-Coated tPA/Catalase Nanoformulation for Thrombolytic Therapy.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cerebrovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke and thrombolytic therapy is the only approved treatment. However, current thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is often hampered by the increased risk of hemorrhage. Plasmin, a direct fibrinolytic, has a significantly superior hemostatic safety profile; however, if injected intravenously it becomes rapidly inactivated by anti-plasmin. Nanoformulations have been shown to increase drug stability and half-life and hence could be applied to increase the plasmin therapeutic efficacy. Here in this paper, we report a novel heparin and arginine-based plasmin nanoformulation that exhibits increased plasmin stability and efficacy. In vitro studies revealed significant plasmin stability in the presence of anti-plasmin and efficient fibrinolytic activity. In addition, these particles showed no significant toxicity or oxidative stress effects in human brain microvascular endothelial cells, and no significant blood brain barrier permeability. Further, in a mouse photothrombotic stroke model, plasmin nanoparticles exhibited significant efficacy in reducing stroke volume without overt intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) compared to free plasmin treatment. The study shows the potential of a plasmin nanoformulation in ischemic stroke therapy.
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Registered trials
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